冷觉过敏英文解释翻译、冷觉过敏的近义词、反义词、例句

英语翻译：

【医】 cryesthesia; hypercryalgesia; hypercryesthesia

分词翻译：

冷觉的英语翻译：

【医】 psychro-esthesia; rhigosis

过敏的英语翻译：

allergy; be sensitive to
【医】 hyperacuity; hyperergia; hyperergy; hypersensibility
hypersensitiveness; hypersensitivity; irritability

专业解析

Cold allergy, medically termed ascold urticaria, refers to a hypersensitivity disorder in which the skin exhibits abnormal reactions to cold stimuli. Patients may develop localized or systemic symptoms such as redness, itching, hives, or angioedema upon exposure to cold air, water, or objects. In severe cases, systemic reactions like hypotension or anaphylaxis may occur.

This condition is classified as a physical urticaria and involves mast cell activation triggered by cold, leading to histamine release. Diagnosis typically involves a cold stimulation test (e.g., placing an ice cube on the skin for 5–15 minutes). Management strategies include antihistamines, avoidance of cold exposure, and carrying emergency epinephrine for high-risk individuals.

For further details on pathophysiology and clinical guidelines, refer to authoritative sources such as theAmerican Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI) andMayo Clinic.

网络扩展解释

冷觉过敏（又称冷过敏症）指个体对寒冷刺激产生异常生理反应的临床症状，属于变态反应性疾病的一种。以下是详细解释：

一、定义与机制冷觉过敏是皮肤或黏膜接触低温环境（如冷空气、冷水）后，机体免疫系统产生过度反应的现象。其核心特征为对寒冷刺激的敏感性显著高于常人，可能伴随多系统症状。

二、发病原因

遗传因素：家族病史或基因突变可能增加患病风险。
免疫异常：肥大细胞释放组胺等炎性介质，引发过敏反应。
环境诱因：长期暴露于寒冷环境或突然接触冷刺激。

三、典型症状

皮肤症状：瘙痒、红肿、风团（荨麻疹样皮疹），严重时出现水疱或脱屑。
呼吸道症状：打喷嚏、鼻塞、流涕，甚至呼吸困难或哮喘发作。
全身症状：头痛、关节疼痛，极少数可能引发过敏性休克。

四、应对与预防

防护措施：寒冷天气穿戴保暖衣物，避免直接接触冷空气或冷水。
医疗干预：抗组胺药物缓解症状，严重者需进行脱敏治疗。
增强体质：适度锻炼可提高对寒冷刺激的耐受性。

注：冷觉过敏需与普通冷敏感区分，后者仅表现为正常温度感知，而前者伴随病理性免疫反应。若症状反复出现，建议及时就医进行过敏原检测。