雙氯乙亞硝脲英文解釋翻譯、雙氯乙亞硝脲的近義詞、反義詞、例句

英語翻譯：

【化】 BCUN; carmustine

分詞翻譯：

雙的英語翻譯：

both; double; even; twin; two; twofold
【化】 dyad
【醫】 amb-; ambi-; ambo-; bi-; bis-; di-; diplo-; par

氯乙的英語翻譯：

【機】 chlormoethyl cyanide; chloroacetonitrile; chloroethane nitrile

亞的英語翻譯：

inferior; second
【醫】 deutero-; deuto-; sub-

硝的英語翻譯：

saltpetre

脲的英語翻譯：

【化】 carbamide; urea
【醫】 carbamide; urea-; ureo-; usea

專業解析

雙氯乙亞硝脲（Carmustine）的漢英詞典釋義

一、中文術語解析

雙氯乙亞硝脲（shuāng lǜ yǐ yà xiāo niào）是抗癌藥物“卡莫司汀”的中文譯名，屬于亞硝脲類烷化劑。其名稱拆解如下：

雙氯乙：指分子中含兩個氯乙基（-CH₂CH₂Cl）；
亞硝脲：即亞硝基脲（nitrosourea），為含亞硝基（-NO）的脲類化合物結構。

二、英文對應名稱

英文名為Carmustine，縮寫為BCNU（Bis-Chloroethyl-Nitroso-Urea），直譯為“雙氯乙基亞硝基脲”。其化學結構式為：

$$ text{ClCH}_2text{CH}_2-text{N}-text{CONH}-text{CH}_2text{CH}_2text{Cl}

quadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquadquad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網絡擴展解釋

雙氯乙亞硝脲（Carmustine）是一種抗腫瘤化療藥物，以下為綜合解析：

1.化學屬性

分子式：C₅H₉Cl₂N₃O₂，分子量214.05。
結構特征：屬于亞硝基脲類化合物，化學名為1,3-雙(2-氯乙基)-1-亞硝基脲。
物理性質：橘黃色固體，熔點30°C，微溶于水，易溶于甲醇、乙醇。

2.别名與分類

常見别名：卡莫司汀、卡氮芥、BCNU（英文縮寫）。
藥物類别：烷化劑類抗腫瘤藥，通過烷基化作用破壞DNA和RNA結構。

3.藥理學作用

作用機制：作為DNA/RNA烷化劑，抑制腫瘤細胞增殖。
適應症：
- 腦瘤（包括膠質瘤）及腦轉移癌；
- 霍奇金淋巴瘤、急性白血病；
- 惡性黑色素瘤（與長春新堿聯用）。

4.臨床應用

劑量：通常每日100mg/m²體表面積，連續2-3天，每6周重複療程。
副作用：
- 延遲性骨髓抑制（白細胞/血小闆減少，用藥後6周達最低值）；
- 惡心、嘔吐等胃腸道反應；
- 肝腎功能損傷。

5.注意事項

需定期監測血象及肝腎功能；
孕婦及哺乳期禁用。

如需更詳細藥理數據或臨床研究，可參考權威化學數據庫（如、2）及醫學文獻（如-5）。