英:/'ˈhuːlɪɡənɪzəm/ 美:/'ˈhuːlɪɡənɪzəm/
n. 流氓行為
As the monument to Soviet tank was still a national cultural monument at that time, his act of civil disobe***nce was considered hooliganism .
當時，由于蘇聯坦克紀念碑仍是國家文化紀念碑，他的非暴力違抗行為被認為是“流氓行徑”。
Officials dismiss these incidents as ****** hooliganism.
官員們把這些事件看成是一般的流氓行為而草草了事。
Graffiti, soccer hooliganism, and street brawling all date back decades.
塗鴉、足球流氓和街頭鬧事都可追溯到幾十年前。
Preventive measures that helped to ease Britain's once-endemic problem of football hooliganism could be adopted.
幫助減緩英國一時成災的足球流氓問題的防禦措施可被采納。
It is not the whole truth to paint modern football as a shiny, happy carnival of multi-ethnic family fun in which hooliganism is a distant memory.
把現代足球描繪成一個多民族家庭樂趣的閃光的快樂的嘉年華不是所有的真相，流氓行為已經成為了遙遠的回憶。
n.|roguery/rascality;流氓行為
以下是對單詞hooliganism 的詳細解釋，綜合多個權威來源信息整理：
Hooliganism 指與“流氓行為”相關的暴力、破壞或擾亂社會秩序的行為，尤其指群體性的惡意破壞或鬧事。其核心特征是“故意、任性和惡意的財産破壞”（）。常見于體育賽事（如足球比賽）或公共活動中，例如球迷間的暴力沖突。
如需進一步了解法律定義或曆史案例，可參考來源網頁（如海詞詞典、柯林斯詞典等）。
Hooliganism（流氓行為） is a noun that refers to violent or rowdy behavior that is often associated with young people or groups. It is a term that is commonly used in reference to sports events, particularly football matches, where fans engage in violent or disorderly conduct.
例句（英文）：The police have launched an investigation into the hooliganism that occurred after the match.
例句（中文）：比賽結束後發生的流氓行為已經引起了警方的調查。
Hooliganism is often seen as a social problem and is typically associated with vandalism, destruction of property, and physical assaults. It is widely considered to be a form of antisocial behavior that is detrimental to the well-being of society.
Hooliganism can be defined as behavior that is characterized by a lack of respect for authority, disregard for the law, and a tendency towards violence or aggression. It is often associated with groups of young people who engage in unruly or disruptive behavior.
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