排洩系統英文解釋翻譯、排洩系統的近義詞、反義詞、例句

英語翻譯：

【醫】 excretory system

分詞翻譯：

排洩的英語翻譯：

drain; egast; ejectable; evacuate; excrete; excretion; mute; voidance
【醫】 apocatharsis; cenosis; eccrisis; egest; egestion; evacuate; evacuation
excrete; excretion; kenosis; lapaxis; void

系統的英語翻譯：

system; scheme
【計】 system
【化】 system
【醫】 system; systema
【經】 channel; system

專業解析

The human excretory system (排洩系統) is a biological network responsible for removing metabolic wastes and maintaining homeostasis through coordinated organ functions. Key components include:

Kidneys (腎髒)
- Filter 120-150 liters of blood daily through nephrons
- Regulate electrolytes and acid-base balance
- Produce urine containing urea and creatinine
  Source: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (https://www.niddk.nih.gov)
Urinary tract (泌尿道)
- Ureters transport urine to bladder
- Bladder stores 400-600mL urine
- Urethra enables micturition
  Source: Gray's Anatomy, 42nd Edition
Accessory organs
- Skin: Eliminates salts through sweat glands
- Lungs: Expel CO₂ via respiration
- Liver: Processes bilirubin for intestinal excretion

This system demonstrates three-phase elimination:

Filtration (glomerular filtration rate ≈125 mL/min)
Reabsorption (99% water recovery in renal tubules)
Excretion (final urine output 1-2 L/day)

Pathological failures may lead to uremia or azotemia, emphasizing its vital role in toxin clearance. Recent studies show kidney cells regenerate through mesenchymal-epithelial transitions, revealing previously underestimated repair capacity.

Source: Nature Reviews Nephrology (https://www.nature.com/nrneph)

網絡擴展解釋

排洩系統是生物體内負責清除代謝廢物、維持内環境穩定的重要生理系統。以下是詳細解釋：

1. 核心功能排洩系統主要通過過濾血液、排出代謝廢物（如尿素、肌酐、多餘水分等）來維持體内電解質平衡、酸堿平衡和體液穩定。這是細胞正常代謝的必要條件。

2. 主要組成器官

腎髒：核心過濾器官，每天處理約180升血液，通過腎單位形成尿液
輸尿管：将腎髒産生的尿液輸送至膀胱的肌性管道
膀胱：暫時儲存尿液的彈性囊狀器官（容量約400-600ml）
尿道：尿液排出的最終通道

3. 輔助排洩器官

皮膚：通過汗腺排出水分、鹽分及少量尿素
肺髒：呼出二氧化碳和水蒸氣
肝髒：将部分代謝産物排入膽汁

4. 排洩過程血液→腎小球濾過→腎小管重吸收→集合管濃縮→輸尿管蠕動→膀胱儲存→尿道排出。全程涉及主動運輸、滲透壓調節等複雜機制。

5. 健康維護每日建議飲水1500-2000ml，注意尿道衛生，定期體檢關注尿常規指标。常見疾病包括腎炎、腎結石、尿路感染等，早期可能表現為尿量/顔色異常或腰部疼痛。

這個系統通過精密協作，每天處理約1.5升尿液排出，占人體總排洩量的60%以上，是維持生命活動不可或缺的「清潔系統」。