sluggardly是什麼意思，sluggardly的意思翻譯、用法、同義詞、例句

常用詞典

例句

同義詞

專業解析

sluggardly 是一個形容詞，用于描述人或其行為表現出懶惰、怠惰、行動遲緩或缺乏活力的特質。它源自名詞sluggard（意為懶漢、懶鬼），後綴-ly 将其轉化為形容詞，強調具有懶散的特性。

該詞的核心含義和用法包括：

1. 行動遲緩與缺乏活力：

   形容動作緩慢、拖沓，缺乏應有的精力或緊迫感。例如：“他的 sluggardly 步伐讓他總是遲到。”

2. 懶惰與怠惰：

   指缺乏工作意願或努力，傾向于逃避責任或勞動。例如：“經理批評了員工 sluggardly 的工作态度。”

3. 懶散與萎靡：

   描述一種整體上無精打采、不活躍的狀态或氣質。例如：“午後的炎熱讓人感到 sluggardly。”

詞源與用法特點：

“Sluggardly” 由中古英語詞彙 “sluggi” (意為遲緩、懶惰) 演變而來，帶有明顯的貶義色彩，常用于批評或描述不積極、效率低下的狀态。它比 “slow” 或 “lazy” 更具文學性或正式感，常見于書面語或較正式的語境中。

文學與文化例證：

該詞在經典文學作品中時有出現，用以刻畫人物性格或狀态。例如，亨利·戴維·梭羅在《瓦爾登湖》中寫道：“How does it become a man to behave toward this American government to-day? I answer, that he cannot without disgrace be associated with it. I cannot for an instant recognize that political organization as my government which is the slave's government also... They who have been bred in the school of politics fail now and always to face the facts. Their measures are half measures and makeshifts merely. They put off the day of settlement indefinitely, and meanwhile the debt accumulates. Though the Fugitive Slave Clause in the Constitution is violated by the people of Massachusetts almost as much as by the government of South Carolina, yet, in their haste to obey it, they passed, the other day, a new law, which I hear is a very good one, for the catching of slaves. Such is the character of that legislation which the lawyers say is not to be resisted. Do lawyers, then, know no distinction between right and wrong? Is it the settled policy of the State never to protest against a palpable wrong, but to buckle on its armor in its defense? I think that the sluggardly conscience of this country is but too well represented by her lawyers.” (Henry David Thoreau, Walden; or, Life in the Woods, 1854)。

此外，《聖經·箴言》6:6-9 也以“懶漢”（sluggard）為戒：“懶惰人哪，你去察看螞蟻的動作就可得智慧。螞蟻沒有元帥，沒有官長，沒有君王，尚且在夏天預備食物，在收割時聚斂糧食。懶惰人哪，你要睡到幾時呢？你何時睡醒呢？” (Holy Bible, New International Version, Proverbs 6:6-9)。

權威來源參考：

1. 牛津英語詞典：将 “sluggardly” 定義為 “懶散的；行動遲緩的” (Slothful, lazy)，并提供了詳盡的詞源和曆史用法引證。來源：Oxford English Dictionary Online (需訂閱訪問，為最權威詞源與曆史用法參考)。
2. 梅裡亞姆-韋伯斯特詞典：定義其為 “懶惰的，怠惰的” (lazy, slothful)。來源：Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary。
3. 文學例證來源：梭羅《瓦爾登湖》全文可通過古登堡計劃獲取。來源：Project Gutenberg - Walden by Henry David Thoreau。

網絡擴展資料

“sluggardly”是一個形容詞，表示“懶惰的”，其詞源和用法可歸納如下：

詞義解析

• 核心含義：形容人懶惰、怠惰的狀态，相當于“lazy”或“slothful”。
• 詞源構成：由名詞sluggard（懶漢）加後綴-ly 構成。其中：
  • sluggard 源于古英語，詞根slug 有“緩慢移動”或“懶散”之意，後綴-ard 表示“具有某種特性的人”（如 drunkard 酒鬼）。

用法特點

1. 語境示例：
   • "How long will you lie there, you sluggard?"（懶惰人哪，你要躺到幾時呢？）
   • "Seryozhka is a sluggard, a drunkard."（謝遼日卡是個懶漢、酒鬼。）
2. 使用頻率：該詞在現代英語中較少見，多用于文學或古舊表達，日常交流更常用lazy 或idle。

注意事項

• 拼寫與發音：英音為 /ˈslʌɡədli/，美音 /ˈslʌɡərdli/。
• 易混淆詞：需與副詞後綴-ly 區分（如 quick → quickly），此處-ly 直接構成形容詞，屬于特殊構詞法。

建議在正式寫作或閱讀古典文獻時注意該詞，日常使用可選擇更通用的替代詞。

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