sluggardly是什么意思，sluggardly的意思翻译、用法、同义词、例句

常用词典

例句

同义词

专业解析

sluggardly 是一个形容词，用于描述人或其行为表现出懒惰、怠惰、行动迟缓或缺乏活力的特质。它源自名词sluggard（意为懒汉、懒鬼），后缀-ly 将其转化为形容词，强调具有懒散的特性。

该词的核心含义和用法包括：

1. 行动迟缓与缺乏活力：

   形容动作缓慢、拖沓，缺乏应有的精力或紧迫感。例如：“他的 sluggardly 步伐让他总是迟到。”

2. 懒惰与怠惰：

   指缺乏工作意愿或努力，倾向于逃避责任或劳动。例如：“经理批评了员工 sluggardly 的工作态度。”

3. 懒散与萎靡：

   描述一种整体上无精打采、不活跃的状态或气质。例如：“午后的炎热让人感到 sluggardly。”

词源与用法特点：

“Sluggardly” 由中古英语词汇 “sluggi” (意为迟缓、懒惰) 演变而来，带有明显的贬义色彩，常用于批评或描述不积极、效率低下的状态。它比 “slow” 或 “lazy” 更具文学性或正式感，常见于书面语或较正式的语境中。

文学与文化例证：

该词在经典文学作品中时有出现，用以刻画人物性格或状态。例如，亨利·戴维·梭罗在《瓦尔登湖》中写道：“How does it become a man to behave toward this American government to-day? I answer, that he cannot without disgrace be associated with it. I cannot for an instant recognize that political organization as my government which is the slave's government also... They who have been bred in the school of politics fail now and always to face the facts. Their measures are half measures and makeshifts merely. They put off the day of settlement indefinitely, and meanwhile the debt accumulates. Though the Fugitive Slave Clause in the Constitution is violated by the people of Massachusetts almost as much as by the government of South Carolina, yet, in their haste to obey it, they passed, the other day, a new law, which I hear is a very good one, for the catching of slaves. Such is the character of that legislation which the lawyers say is not to be resisted. Do lawyers, then, know no distinction between right and wrong? Is it the settled policy of the State never to protest against a palpable wrong, but to buckle on its armor in its defense? I think that the sluggardly conscience of this country is but too well represented by her lawyers.” (Henry David Thoreau, Walden; or, Life in the Woods, 1854)。

此外，《圣经·箴言》6:6-9 也以“懒汉”（sluggard）为戒：“懒惰人哪，你去察看蚂蚁的动作就可得智慧。蚂蚁没有元帅，没有官长，没有君王，尚且在夏天预备食物，在收割时聚敛粮食。懒惰人哪，你要睡到几时呢？你何时睡醒呢？” (Holy Bible, New International Version, Proverbs 6:6-9)。

权威来源参考：

1. 牛津英语词典：将 “sluggardly” 定义为 “懒散的；行动迟缓的” (Slothful, lazy)，并提供了详尽的词源和历史用法引证。来源：Oxford English Dictionary Online (需订阅访问，为最权威词源与历史用法参考)。
2. 梅里亚姆-韦伯斯特词典：定义其为 “懒惰的，怠惰的” (lazy, slothful)。来源：Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary。
3. 文学例证来源：梭罗《瓦尔登湖》全文可通过古登堡计划获取。来源：Project Gutenberg - Walden by Henry David Thoreau。

网络扩展资料

“sluggardly”是一个形容词，表示“懒惰的”，其词源和用法可归纳如下：

词义解析

• 核心含义：形容人懒惰、怠惰的状态，相当于“lazy”或“slothful”。
• 词源构成：由名词sluggard（懒汉）加后缀-ly 构成。其中：
  • sluggard 源于古英语，词根slug 有“缓慢移动”或“懒散”之意，后缀-ard 表示“具有某种特性的人”（如 drunkard 酒鬼）。

用法特点

1. 语境示例：
   • "How long will you lie there, you sluggard?"（懒惰人哪，你要躺到几时呢？）
   • "Seryozhka is a sluggard, a drunkard."（谢辽日卡是个懒汉、酒鬼。）
2. 使用频率：该词在现代英语中较少见，多用于文学或古旧表达，日常交流更常用lazy 或idle。

注意事项

• 拼写与发音：英音为 /ˈslʌɡədli/，美音 /ˈslʌɡərdli/。
• 易混淆词：需与副词后缀-ly 区分（如 quick → quickly），此处-ly 直接构成形容词，属于特殊构词法。

建议在正式写作或阅读古典文献时注意该词，日常使用可选择更通用的替代词。

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