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atmospheric corrosion是什麼意思,atmospheric corrosion的意思翻譯、用法、同義詞、例句

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  • [化工] 大氣腐蝕;大氣侵蝕

  • 例句

  • Seamless Copper Tube Material Copper to experts can improve the strength and toughness , in particular, atmospheric corrosion.

    無縫管專家介紹銅管材質銅能提高強度和韌性,特别是大氣腐蝕性能。

  • Fiber Optical Corrosion Sensor (FOCS) based on non-electrochemical technique was stu***d to detect Al alloy atmospheric corrosion.

    針對鋁合金大氣腐蝕檢測研究了基于非電化學技術的光纖腐蝕傳感器。

  • An atmospheric corrosion measurement system of reluctance probe is established to realize quick measurement of metal corrosion in different simulated atmospheric conditions.

    建立了一套磁阻探針大氣腐蝕檢測系統,實現了模拟大氣環境下金屬腐蝕速率的快速檢測。

  • Phosphorous concentration in the surface layer of plate effectively increases its resistance to atmospheric corrosion.

    由于磷在鋼闆表面的富集有效地提高了鋼闆的耐大氣腐蝕性能。

  • Using the state of the organization for the fine grain ferrite pearlite, strength than ordinary carbon structural steel Q235 about 20% ~ 30%, high atmospheric corrosion resistance of 20% ~ 38%.

    使用狀态的組織為細晶粒的鐵素體—珠光體,強度比普通碳素結構鋼Q235高約20%~30%,耐大氣腐蝕性能高20%~38%。

  • Atmospheric corrosion is generally associated with surface storage conditions, or with upper wellbore annuli that may not be fluid-filled.

    大氣腐蝕通常與地面儲存條件或沒有被流體充滿的上部井筒環空有關。

  • Atmospheric corrosion of carbon steel and low alloy steel in polluted environment .

    碳鋼和低合金鋼在污染環境下的大氣腐蝕規律。

  • In this paper the experimental results of electrochemical monitoring of atmospheric corrosion is reported.

    本文介紹了大氣腐蝕電化學監測的研究結果。

  • Atmospheric corrosion of pure copper under sheltered and unsheltered exposure conditions during 1 year period in Shenyang atmosphere is stu***d.

    通過1年的遮雨和未遮雨大氣暴露實驗,研究了在沈陽大氣環境下純銅的初期腐蝕行為。

  • Regression analysis of atmospheric corrosion date at BEIJING shows that relationship between corrosion date of weathering and carbon steel and time follows linear bilogarithmic law.

    研究發現在北京地區兩類材料的大氣腐蝕數據無顯著差異,在青島、江津、武漢地區耐候鋼腐蝕率顯著低于碳鋼。

  • The atmospheric corrosion behavior of thixoformed AZ91D magnesium alloys at Lanzhou was stu***d.

    研究了蘭州大氣中觸變成型*********AZ91D的腐蝕行為。

  • This paper summarizes the results obtained from the first year atmospheric corrosion test of carbon steel specimens exposed in 12 sites in Asia.

    總結了碳鋼在亞洲地區12個試驗站點的第一年大氣腐蝕試驗結果。

  • The correlativity between neutral salt spray accelerated test and atmospheric corrosion test in Shijiazhuang was stu***d by the mass loss determination of 45 steel, A3 steel, 20 steel and gun steel.

    以45鋼、A3鋼、炮鋼、20鋼為金屬試樣,研究它們在中性鹽霧加速試驗及石家莊大氣環境暴露試驗中腐蝕失重與時間的變化規律。

  • Immersion-wet-dry combined cyclic test was applied to study the synergistic effect of chloride and sulphur-bearing pollutant in atmospheric corrosion of mild steel.

    應用浸漬-潤濕-幹燥循環法研究了氯化物、硫污染物對碳鋼大氣腐蝕的影響。

  • Its use will have more important significance for national atmospheric corrosion test station to do management in a scientific way.

    它的應用對實現全國大氣腐蝕試驗站的管理科學化具有重要意義。

  • The research results show that the only addition of RE in mild steel could remarkably improve atmospheric corrosion resistance of mild steels, too.

    結果表明:在低碳鋼中,僅添加稀土也能明顯的提高其耐大氣腐蝕性能。

  • After 8 years storage, the 167 aluminium alloy tubular specimen, which was treated with surface treatment in deionized water at 100 ~ 230 , has no spot of atmospheric corrosion found.

    在100~230℃去離子水中進行過預生膜處理的167鋁合金管材樣品在存放8年後未見大氣腐蝕迹象。

  • After 8 years storage, the 167 aluminium alloy tubular specimen, which was treated with surface treatment in deionized water at 100-230C , has no spot of atmospheric corrosion found.

    在100~230℃去離子水中進行過預生膜處理的167鋁合金管材樣品在存放8年後未見大氣腐蝕迹象。

  • The atmospheric corrosion can cause the degradation or failure of material, which not only bring enormous expense to national economy, but also make grievous effect on daily life and production.

    材料的大氣腐蝕會導緻材料的失效,不僅會給國民經濟帶來巨大的損失,還會給人民的日常生活和生産帶來嚴重的影響。

  • RE can improve the microstructure of the inner rust layer, increase density and continuity, which result in the raise of atmospheric corrosion resistance of weathering.

    鋼中加入稀土形成了緻密連續厚而粘附性好的含矽銅稀土的複合鐵鏽層,從而提高了抗大氣腐蝕性能。

  • So that, the dual-phase treatment may be the effective way for development of high strength, high cold formability atmospheric corrosion resistant steel.

    可以認為,采用雙相化處理工藝是發展高強度,高冷成型性耐侯鋼的一種有效途徑。

  • The mechanism of P-RE combined action improving atmospheric corrosion resistant performance of iron and steel material was stu***d.

    本文主要研究P-RE複合作用提高鋼鐵材料耐大氣腐蝕性的機理。

  • The atmospheric corrosion of steel is such a serious problem that the study on it has always been concerned.

    鋼鐵的大氣腐蝕是一個嚴重的問題,有關鋼鐵的大氣腐蝕研究一直備受關注。

  • The law of atmospheric corrosion of 4 steels in Shenyang area was stu***d by means of atmospheric exposure tests and their corrosion products were analyzed by XRD and IRAS.

    通過大氣暴露試驗和實驗室的浸漬幹燥濕潤複合循環試驗 ,結合腐蝕産物的表面分析 ,研究了4種鋼在沈陽地區的大氣腐蝕規律和模拟大氣腐蝕過程的腐蝕規律 。

  • The neural network was also used for prediction of atmospheric corrosion of several other steel. The accuracy of the prediction was dependent on accuracy and typicality of trainings…

    結果表明:大氣腐蝕與氣象因素、冶金因素有明顯的聯繫,可以用人工神經網絡來預測大氣腐蝕,其準确度取決于訓練樣本的代表性和準确性。

  • The effects of environment on the atmospheric corrosion were analyzed. New views about the effect of humidity hour, S…

    分析了環境對各種金屬材料大氣腐蝕的影響,對潤濕時間、 ************、 酸雨及鹽粒子的污染作用提出了新的看法。

  • Among the environmental pollution factors, the most detrimental factor is atmospheric sulfur deposition for atmospheric corrosion of carbon steel.

    在所研究的環境因子中,對碳鋼大氣腐蝕危害最大的是大氣中的硫沉降因子。

  • The research progress of weathering steels and the effect of alloying elements on their atmospheric corrosion resistance were summarized in the present paper.

    概括了鐵道車輛用耐大氣腐蝕鋼的發展及應用現狀;同時,對鐵道車輛用耐大氣腐蝕鋼的市場需求作了分析。

  • The Rust layers of experimental steels were made by using an accelerating industrial atmospheric corrosion test of dry-wet cyclic immersion.

    通過模拟工業大氣環境的周期浸潤實驗室加速實驗,制備鏽層;

  • 專業解析

    大氣腐蝕(Atmospheric Corrosion)是指金屬材料暴露于地球自然大氣環境中,在環境因素(如水分、氧氣、污染物)作用下發生的電化學腐蝕過程。它是全球範圍内最普遍且造成經濟損失最大的腐蝕類型之一。其核心機制可概括如下:

    1. 定義與核心機制

      大氣腐蝕本質上是薄液膜下的電化學過程。當金屬表面吸附大氣中的水分(如露水、雨水、高濕度形成的冷凝水)形成微觀或可見的電解液薄膜時,金屬發生陽極溶解(氧化反應),同時氧氣在陰極區域發生還原反應,共同構成腐蝕電池。反應通式可表示為:

      陽極反應: $ce{M -> M^{n+} + ne^{-}}$ (M代表金屬)

      陰極反應: $ce{O2 + 2H2O + 4e^{-} -> 4OH^{-}}$ (中性或堿性環境)

      腐蝕産物(如鐵鏽 $ce{Fe2O3·nH2O}$)在此過程中形成并積累于金屬表面。

    2. 關鍵影響因素

      • 濕度: 相對濕度(RH)是決定性因素。通常存在一個“臨界相對濕度”(如鋼鐵約為60-70%),超過此值,金屬表面吸附的水分足以形成連續電解液膜,腐蝕速率顯著增加。
      • 污染物:
        • 二氧化硫(SO2): 主要來自化石燃料燃燒。SO2溶于水膜生成亞硫酸($ce{H2SO3}$),進一步氧化成硫酸($ce{H2SO4}$),強烈加速腐蝕(尤其是鋼鐵的酸洗作用)。
        • 氯化物(Cl⁻): 海洋大氣或除冰鹽環境中的主要腐蝕因子。Cl⁻具有強穿透性,破壞鈍化膜,誘發點蝕和應力腐蝕開裂。
        • 氮氧化物(NOx)、顆粒物: 可吸附水分、攜帶腐蝕性物質或形成局部腐蝕電池。
      • 溫度與溫度變化: 高溫通常加速反應,溫度波動(如晝夜溫差)易導緻表面凝露。
      • 潤濕時間(Time of Wetness, TOW): 指金屬表面被臨界厚度水膜覆蓋的時間,是量化腐蝕嚴重程度的核心參數(ISO 9223标準)。
    3. 腐蝕産物與特征

      腐蝕産物層(鏽層)的結構和性質對後續腐蝕速率有重要影響。例如:

      • 鋼鐵初期生成不穩定的Fe(OH)₂,最終轉化為多孔、疏松的含結晶水氧化鐵($ce{Fe2O3·nH2O}$,紅鏽),對基體保護性差。
      • 銅表面形成堿式硫酸銅($ce{Cu4SO4(OH)6}$,綠鏽)或堿式碳酸銅($ce{Cu2CO3(OH)2}$,孔雀石綠),具有一定保護性。
      • 鋁依賴緻密氧化鋁($ce{Al2O3}$)鈍化膜獲得耐蝕性,但在含Cl⁻環境中易發生點蝕。
    4. 防護措施

      基于對大氣腐蝕機理的理解,主要防護方法包括:

      • 選用耐蝕材料: 如不鏽鋼、耐候鋼(利用穩定鏽層保護)、鋁合金、銅合金等。
      • 塗層保護: 油漆、粉末塗層、金屬鍍層(鍍鋅、鍍鉻等)提供物理屏障和/或陰極保護。
      • 緩蝕劑: 氣相緩蝕劑(VCI)用于封閉空間。
      • 環境控制: 降低濕度、過濾污染物(適用于室内或特定設備)。
      • 設計優化: 避免縫隙、積水,保證通風排水。

    權威參考來源:

    1. ISO 9223:2012 Corrosion of metals and alloys — Corrosivity of atmospheres — Classification, determination and estimation. International Organization for Standardization. https://www.iso.org/standard/53499.html
    2. Roberge, P. R. (2006). Corrosion Basics: An Introduction (2nd ed.). NACE International. https://store.nace.org/corrosion-basics-an-introduction-ebook.html (Chapter on Atmospheric Corrosion).
    3. Graedel, T. E. (2000). Atmospheric Corrosion. In R. Winston Revie (Ed.), Uhlig's Corrosion Handbook (3rd ed., pp. 305-321). John Wiley & Sons. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9780470872864
    4. Leygraf, C., Wallinder, I. O., Tidblad, J., & Graedel, T. (2016). Atmospheric Corrosion (2nd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Atmospheric+Corrosion%2C+2nd+Edition-p-9781118762131
    5. Frankel, G. S. (2016). Fundamentals of Corrosion. In M. Schütze, R. B. Rebak, & R. A. Cottis (Eds.), Shreir's Corrosion (Vol. 1, pp. 47-76). Elsevier. https://www.sciencedirect.com/referencework/9780444527875/shreirs-corrosion (Sections on localized corrosion).

    網絡擴展資料

    Atmospheric corrosion 指金屬或材料在自然大氣環境中因與空氣、水分、氧氣及其他污染物發生電化學反應而逐漸被破壞的過程。以下是詳細解釋:

    1.定義與機理

    2.常見類型與表現

    3.防護措施

    4.相關術語

    如需進一步了解具體案例或防護技術,可參考、4、6等來源。

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