芬森氏光疗法英文解释翻译、芬森氏光疗法的近义词、反义词、例句

英语翻译：

【医】 Finsen's treatment

分词翻译：

芬的英语翻译：

fragrance; sweet smell

森的英语翻译：

dark; full of trees; gloomy; in multitudes

氏的英语翻译：

family name; surname

光疗法的英语翻译：

【医】 light intracavitary; light therapeutic

专业解析

芬森氏光疗法（Finsen Light Therapy），也称为芬森疗法（Finsen Therapy），是一种利用特定波长的光线（主要是紫外线）治疗疾病，特别是皮肤结核（寻常狼疮）的物理疗法。该疗法由丹麦医生尼尔斯·吕贝里·芬森（Niels Ryberg Finsen）于19世纪末发明，并因此贡献获得了1903年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。

定义与核心原理 (Definition & Core Principle)
- 汉：芬森氏光疗法是一种利用聚焦的化学性光线（主要是短波紫外线，UVB）照射病灶，利用其杀菌、消炎和促进组织修复的特性来治疗皮肤感染性疾病（尤其是皮肤结核）的光疗方法。其核心在于特定波长光线对病原体的抑制作用和对局部免疫反应的调节。
- 英： Finsen Light Therapy is a form of phototherapy that utilizes concentrated chemical rays (primarily short-wave ultraviolet light, UVB) to irradiate lesions. It leverages the bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, and tissue-repair-promoting properties of light to treat infectious skin diseases, particularly cutaneous tuberculosis (lupus vulgaris). The core principle lies in the inhibitory effect of specific wavelengths of light on pathogens and the modulation of local immune responses.
技术方法与设备 (Technical Method & Apparatus)
- 汉：芬森设计了专门的装置“芬森灯”（Finsen Lamp）。该装置使用强大的碳弧灯作为光源，产生富含紫外线的光线。关键创新在于：
  - 聚焦透镜：使用水晶透镜将光线聚焦到很小的病灶区域，提高能量密度和治疗强度。
  - 压迫技术：在照射时对病灶施加压力（通常用特制的石英压迫器），挤出局部血液，使光线能更有效地穿透皮肤作用于含菌组织（因血液会吸收大量紫外线）。
  - 冷却系统：为避免热损伤，装置包含水冷系统来冷却照射部位。
- 英： Finsen developed a specialized apparatus known as the “Finsen Lamp.” It employed a powerful carbon arc lamp as the light source, generating rays rich in ultraviolet light. Key innovations included:
  - Focusing Lenses: Using quartz lenses to concentrate the light onto a very small area of the lesion, increasing energy density and therapeutic intensity.
  - Compression Technique: Applying pressure to the lesion during irradiation (typically with a special quartz compressor) to expel blood from the area. This allowed the light to penetrate more effectively into the bacteria-laden tissues, as blood absorbs a significant amount of UV.
  - Cooling System: To prevent thermal damage, the apparatus incorporated a cooling system (water-cooled) for the irradiated site.
主要应用与历史意义 (Primary Application & Historical Significance)
- 汉：在抗生素问世之前，芬森氏光疗法是治疗皮肤结核（寻常狼疮）最有效的方法，显著改善了这种毁容性疾病的预后，避免了严重残疾。它代表了光疗在医学领域科学应用的里程碑，为现代光疗学（包括紫外线疗法如UVB、PUVA，以及激光治疗等）奠定了基础。芬森因其在利用光治疗疾病方面的贡献而获得1903年诺贝尔奖。
- 英： Before the advent of antibiotics, Finsen Light Therapy was the most effective treatment for cutaneous tuberculosis (lupus vulgaris), significantly improving the prognosis of this disfiguring disease and preventing severe disability. It represented a milestone in the scientific application of light therapy in medicine and laid the foundation for modern phototherapy (including UV therapies like UVB, PUVA, and laser treatments). Finsen was awarded the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his contributions to the treatment of disease with light.
现代视角与局限性 (Modern Perspective & Limitations)
- 汉：随着抗生素（尤其是链霉素）的出现和现代光疗技术的发展，原始的芬森氏光疗法已不再是临床一线治疗选择。其设备笨重、治疗时间长（常需数月）、操作复杂且主要针对浅表病灶。然而，其科学原理——利用特定波长光线的生物效应治疗疾病——被现代光疗继承和发展，广泛应用于皮肤病（如银屑病、白癜风、湿疹）和新生儿黄疸的治疗。芬森疗法被视为现代光疗学的先驱。
- 英： With the advent of antibiotics (especially streptomycin) and the development of modern phototherapy techniques, the original Finsen Light Therapy is no longer a first-line clinical treatment. Its apparatus was cumbersome, treatment times were long (often requiring months), the procedure was complex, and it primarily targeted superficial lesions. However, its scientific principle – harnessing the biological effects of specific wavelengths of light to treat disease – has been inherited and advanced by modern phototherapy, which is widely used for conditions like psoriasis, vitiligo, eczema, and neonatal jaundice. Finsen Therapy is regarded as the pioneer of modern photomedicine.

参考资料 (References):

Nobel Prize Organization. Niels Ryberg Finsen - Biographical. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1903/finsen/biographical/ (Accessed July 30, 2025).
Møller, K. I., Kongshoj, B., Philipsen, P. A., Thomsen, V. O., & Wulf, H. C. (2008). How Finsen’s light cured lupus vulgaris. Photodermatology, Photoimmunology & Photomedicine, 24(3), 118–127. (Summarizes mechanism and historical context).
Roelandts, R. (2002). The history of phototherapy: Something new under the sun? Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 46(6), 926–930. (Discusses Finsen's work in the context of phototherapy history).
National Institutes of Health (NIH), U.S. National Library of Medicine. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Phototherapy. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001304.htm (Provides context on modern phototherapy).
British Association of Dermatologists. Patient Information Leaflet (PIL) - Phototherapy. https://www.bad.org.uk/pils/phototherapy/ (Explains principles and uses of contemporary UV therapy).
World Health Organization (WHO). Tuberculosis (TB). https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tuberculosis (Mentions historical treatments like heliotherapy/light therapy in context).
American Academy of Dermatology Association (AAD). Phototherapy. https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/treatment/medications/phototherapy (Describes modern phototherapy techniques derived from principles like Finsen's).

网络扩展解释

芬森氏光疗法（Finsen's treatment）是19世纪末由丹麦医生尼尔斯·吕贝里·芬森（Niels Ryberg Finsen）发明的光疗法，主要用于治疗皮肤结核（如寻常狼疮）和天花等疾病。以下是详细解释：

定义与原理

芬森氏光疗法通过聚焦紫外线光源（如改良的弧光灯）照射病灶，利用特定波段的光线（尤其是短波紫外线）实现杀菌和刺激组织修复的作用。芬森发现，紫外线具有破坏病原微生物的能力，同时可通过调节光线强度和波长避免皮肤灼伤。

关键技术与应用

红光灯与紫外线分离技术
芬森设计了一种“红光灯”，过滤掉有害的短波紫外线，保留对皮肤修复有益的长波光线，用于治疗天花患者的水疱和脓疱，减少疤痕形成。
紫外光集中照射
针对皮肤结核（狼疮），他改良设备将紫外线集中照射病灶，通过杀菌和促进局部免疫反应达到治疗效果，治愈率显著提升。

历史意义

诺贝尔奖成就：因该疗法在治疗狼疮中的突破，芬森于1903年获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
现代光疗奠基：芬森的研究为后续紫外线疗法（如PUVA、NBUVB）和308nm准分子激光治疗白癜风、银屑病奠定了基础。

补充说明

芬森本人长期受自身疾病（皮氏病）困扰，这促使他研究光线对健康的影响。他的工作不仅推动了光疗医学的发展，也体现了科学研究与临床实践的结合。

如需进一步了解技术细节或现代应用，可参考医学史文献或皮肤病学指南。