Lithium tartrate (酒石酸锂) is a chemical compound with the formula $mathrm{Li_2C_4H_4O_6}$. It is the lithium salt of tartaric acid, characterized by its white crystalline structure and solubility in water. The compound plays a significant role in industrial and scientific applications due to its unique physicochemical properties.
Chemical Structure
Lithium tartrate consists of two lithium cations ($mathrm{Li^+}$) bonded to a tartrate anion ($mathrm{C_4H_4O_6^{2-}}$), forming a stable ionic lattice. Its synthesis typically involves neutralizing tartaric acid with lithium carbonate or hydroxide.
Industrial Applications
It is widely used as a chiral resolving agent in asymmetric synthesis and pharmaceutical manufacturing. Additionally, lithium tartrate serves as a precursor in lithium-ion battery electrolytes and specialized ceramics.
Laboratory Use
In analytical chemistry, it functions as a buffering agent and chelator in electrochemical studies. Its optical activity also makes it valuable in polarimetry for measuring enantiomeric excess.
Safety and Handling
The compound is classified as an irritant. Proper handling requires protective equipment (gloves, goggles) and adequate ventilation. First-aid measures for exposure include rinsing with water and seeking medical attention.
For authoritative references, consult the Merck Index (化学化工词典) and IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology.
酒石酸锂是一种含锂的有机酸盐，以下是其关键信息的综合说明：
化学式：存在两种形式
无水形式：Li₂C₄H₄O₆（分子量161.95）
一水合物：C₄H₅O₆Li·H₂O（分子量174.04）
CAS号：30903-88-9（一水合物）
外观：白色结晶固体，易溶于水（0℃时溶解度为42g/100ml）
通过酒石酸（C₄H₆O₆）与碳酸锂（Li₂CO₃）反应，经结晶过程制得。反应式可表示为：
$$
text{C₄H₆O₆} + text{Li₂CO₃} rightarrow text{Li₂C₄H₄O₆} + text{CO₂↑} + text{H₂O}
$$
如需更详细的生产参数或检测标准，可参考化源网或搜狗百科等来源。
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