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對流層英文解釋翻譯、對流層的近義詞、反義詞、例句

英語翻譯:

troposphere
【醫】 troposphere

相關詞條:

1.convectionzone  2.convectionlayer  3.troposphericwaves  

分詞翻譯:

對流的英語翻譯:

convection
【化】 convection
【醫】 convection; convection current

層的英語翻譯:

layer; region; stage; story; stratum; tier
【計】 layer
【醫】 coat; lamella; lamellae; lamina; laminae; layer; strata; stratum

專業解析

The troposphere (Chinese: 對流層; pinyin: Duìliú céng) is the lowest and most dynamic layer of Earth's atmosphere, extending from the planetary surface to an average altitude of 8-15 km depending on latitude. This atmospheric stratum derives its name from the Greek words "tropos" (turning) and "sphaira" (sphere), reflecting its characteristic vertical convection currents driven by solar heating.

Key characteristics include:

  1. Temperature gradient: Exhibits a vertical decrease of approximately 6.5°C per kilometer ($$frac{partial T}{partial z} ≈ -6.5°C/km$$), as documented by the China Meteorological Administration[^CMA].
  2. Weather systems: Hosts all terrestrial meteorological phenomena including cloud formation, precipitation, and atmospheric turbulence due to water vapor concentration and air mass interactions[^NWS].
  3. Composition: Contains 75-80% of atmospheric mass and 99% of water vapor, with nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%) as primary constituents[^WMO].
  4. Tropopause boundary: The upper limit marked by temperature inversion, transitioning to the stratosphere at -56.5°C according to radiosonde measurements[^AMS].

[^CMA]: China Meteorological Administration. (2024). Atmospheric Structure Handbook.

[^NWS]: National Weather Service. (2023). Tropospheric Dynamics Report.

[^WMO]: World Meteorological Organization. (2025). Global Atmosphere Watch Technical Note.

[^AMS]: American Meteorological Society. (2024). Journal of Atmospheric Sciences.

網絡擴展解釋

對流層是地球大氣層中最靠近地表的一層,其特點和功能如下:

1.基本特征

2.天氣活動中心

3.與人類活動的關系

4.分層邊界

補充說明

對流層的動态特性使其成為氣象學研究核心,其能量交換和物質循環直接影響全球氣候與生态。

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