
而不是
而不是;甯可…也不願
The problem was psychological rather than physiological.
問題是心理上的而不是生理上的
He will drain, rather than enrich, the country.
他将耗盡而不是增加國家的財富。
What made you choose the one rather than the other?
你怎麼選了這個而不是那個?
You are buying direct, rather than through an agent.
你在直接購買,而不是通過代理商購買。
He needed a sounding board rather than thinking alone.
他需要一個參謀,而不是獨自思考。
The problem was psychological rather than physiological.
這是個心理而不是生理問題。
"rather than"是英語中常用的并列連詞或介詞短語,主要用于表達對比、選擇或排除關系。根據劍橋詞典的定義,該結構通過否定第二個選項來強調前者的優先性。其核心語義可分為三個層次:
對比功能
當連接兩個對等成分時,"rather than"表示兩種事物或行為的差異性比較,例如:"The study focused on qualitative data rather than quantitative results"(牛津英語語法指南)。這種用法常見于學術寫作,通過排除次要因素突出研究重點。
優先選擇
在表達主觀偏好時,該短語構成"prefer X rather than Y"的固定結構。如柯林斯詞典指出:"She chose to walk rather than take the bus"中的後接動詞原形"take"體現了選擇行為的直接對比。
句法變體
根據朗文英語語法,當連接非謂語成分時,前後結構需保持語法一緻性:"Success depends on effort rather than on luck"(介詞+名詞),"Running rather than swimming builds bone density"(動名詞并列)。這種結構平衡性直接影響句子的專業程度。
該短語在美式英語中常出現于句首位置:"Rather than waiting for help, they started solving the problem immediately",這種倒裝句式能增強語句的修辭效果(韋氏高階英語詞典)。
“rather than”是一個常用的英語短語,主要用于表達對比、選擇或排除關系,強調在兩者中更傾向于前者而非後者。以下是詳細解析:
表示“而不是”或“與其…不如…”,用于否定後者、突出前者。例如:
She chose to walkrather than drive.
(她選擇步行而不是開車。)
結構對稱性
前後連接的成分需保持語法對等(名詞、動詞、形容詞等):
動詞形式
They decided to leave rather than (to) wait.
Skiing rather than swimming is his hobby.
句首用法
置于句首時,後接動名詞或名詞,主句主語需與動作邏輯一緻:
Rather than complaining, she took action.
與“instead of”的區别:
“instead of”僅作介詞,後接名詞/動名詞;而“rather than”更靈活,可連接多種成分,且強調主觀選擇。
正确:He left instead of apologizing.
正确:He left rather than apologize.
與“would rather…than…”的區别:
“would rather”後接動詞原形,構成固定句型:
I would rather stay home than go out.
結構不對稱:
❌ She likes to sing rather than dancing.
✅ She likes to sing rather than dance.
✅ She likes singing rather than dancing.
誤用否定:
“rather than”本身已含否定,無需再加“not”:
❌ I want this one rather than not that one.
✅ I want this one rather than that one.
根據語境可用“instead of”“as opposed to”或“in preference to”替代,但需注意結構適配。例如:
Use a knife instead of scissors.
This is for beginners as opposed to experts.
通過以上分析,可以更準确地掌握“rather than”的用法與語義側重。實際應用中需結合語境判斷成分對等性及動詞形式。
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