
美:/'baɪ kəmˈpærɪsn/
相比之下,比較起來
By comparison, expenditure on education increased last year.
相比之下,去年教育經費增加了。
By comparison, 48 percent of the overweight babies and 24 percent of the normal-weight babies weighed too much at their toddler visits.
相比之下,48%的超重嬰兒和24%的正常體重嬰兒在蹒跚學步時體重過重。
By comparison, President Obama announced last week that each automaker will be required to reach a corporate average of 35.5 miles per gallon by 2016.
相比之下,奧巴馬總統上周宣布,到2016年,每家汽車制造商必須達到每加侖汽油行駛35.5英裡的企業平均水平。
The second half of the game was dull by comparison with the first.
與上半場相比,比賽的下半場有些沉悶。
Agricultural productivity remained low by comparison with advanced countries like the United States.
與美國等發達國家相比,農業生産率仍很低。
|by contrast/in contrast;相比之下,比較起來
"by comparison" 是一個英語短語,常用于引出兩個事物或情況的對比關系,強調通過比較凸顯差異。其核心含義是"相比之下"或"通過比較",通常與"with"或"to"連用構成完整搭配,例如"by comparison with..."(與...相比)。牛津詞典将其定義為"used especially at the beginning of a sentence when you are comparing two things"(特别用于句首以比較兩件事物)。
在句法結構中,該短語既可作插入語使用,也可引導狀語從句。例如:"The tropical rainforest receives 2000 mm of rain annually. By comparison, the desert ecosystem gets less than 250 mm."(熱帶雨林年降雨量達2000毫米,相比之下,沙漠生态系統的降雨量不足250毫米)這種用法在學術寫作中尤為常見,劍橋詞典指出其特别適用于強調差異性對比的場景。
該短語的語義強度介于中性比較詞"compared to"與強調反差詞"in contrast"之間,既能客觀陳述差異,又帶有輕微的強調效果。例如在經濟學報告中:"Last quarter's GDP growth reached 5.2%. By comparison, the same period last year showed only 3.1% growth."(上季度GDP增長達5.2%,相比之下,去年同期增長率僅為3.1%)這種用法既呈現數據差異,又暗示發展态勢的變化。
權威語言學研究顯示,"by comparison"在正式語體中的使用頻率是口語的3.2倍,常見于科研論文、商業報告等需要精确對比的場合。其近義詞包括"in comparison"和"when compared",但語用學研究表明"by comparison"更側重主動比較的行為過程。
“by comparison” 是一個英語短語,主要用于引出兩個事物之間的對比,強調通過比較凸顯差異或相似性。以下是詳細解釋:
獨立使用:直接放在句首或句中,表示與前文提到的内容形成對比。
例句:
"The first experiment failed. By comparison, the second attempt was successful."
(第一次實驗失敗了,相比之下,第二次嘗試成功了。)
接比較對象:後接“with” 或“to” 引出具體比較對象。
例句:
"By comparisonwith the bustling city, the village feels peaceful."
(與繁華的城市相比,這個村莊顯得甯靜。)
“in comparison”:意義和用法幾乎相同,可互換。
例句:
"In comparison to last year, profits have doubled."
“compared to/with”:功能類似,但需注意:
通過以上分析,可以更準确地運用這一短語增強表達的對比性。如需進一步區分細微差别,建議結合具體語境練習使用。
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