
【法】 nature of a thing
object; thing
【法】 res
the root of a plant; this
【机】 aetioporphyrin
The term "事物的本性" (shìwù de běnxìng) in Chinese philosophy and linguistic context refers to the intrinsic qualities or fundamental characteristics that define an object's true essence. In authoritative Chinese-English dictionaries, this concept is typically translated as "nature of things" or "essence of things", emphasizing the inherent attributes that determine an entity's core identity.
From a Confucian perspective, this aligns with the principle of 格物致知 (gé wù zhì zhī) – investigating things to acquire knowledge. The Liji (Book of Rites) notes this process reveals how "water's nature flows downward" and "fire's nature burns upward", demonstrating how intrinsic properties govern behavior.
Modern linguistic analysis from the Oxford Chinese-English Dictionary defines it as "the collection of essential attributes that make an entity what it fundamentally is, distinct from accidental properties". This corresponds to Aristotle's concept of ousia (substance) in Western metaphysics.
Taoist interpretations through the Daodejing suggest it represents the 自然 (zìrán) or spontaneous order of existence, where "the way of heaven is to benefit without harming" (Chapter 81), illustrating how natural laws emerge from inherent characteristics. Contemporary applications in cognitive linguistics show how this concept influences Chinese conceptual metaphors, where understanding an object's 本性 is prerequisite to proper categorization.
“事物的本性”指事物内在的、固有的本质属性或根本特征,通常不受外界环境直接影响。以下是详细解释:
核心概念
本性是事物与生俱来的特质,如和所述,它强调“本原状态”,例如水的本性是流动,金属的本性是导电性。
与现象的关系
提到,本性是本质,现象是其外在表现。例如火焰发光发热是现象,燃烧的化学性质是其本性。
哲学角度
本性被视为事物存在的根本规律,如引用的《易经》观点,认为遵循本性是“道前定则不穷”的基础。
心理学与生物学
指出,本性在生物中体现为遗传特性,如动物的生存本能;人类则包含先天性格(如内向/外向)。
稳定性
本性具有难以改变的特点,如的俗语“江山易改,本性难移”。
应用举例
如需进一步探讨本性与环境的关系,可参考哲学或心理学领域的扩展资料。
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