
【机】 lithium sulfate
vitriol
【化】 spirit of alum; sulfuric acid
【医】 oil of vitriol; sulfuric acid; vitriol; vitriolic acid
lithium
【化】 lithii
【医】 Li; lithium
Lithium sulfate (硫酸锂,化学式Li₂SO₄) is an inorganic compound classified as a lithium salt of sulfuric acid. Its white crystalline powder form exhibits high solubility in water (34.9 g/100 mL at 25°C) but low solubility in ethanol . This characteristic makes it valuable in multiple industrial applications, particularly as a precursor in lithium-ion battery cathode materials like lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO₂) through calcination processes .
In ceramic manufacturing, lithium sulfate acts as a flux to reduce melting temperatures and improve glaze durability . The compound's hygroscopic nature requires storage in airtight containers with desiccants, as specified in chemical safety guidelines from the American Chemical Society . Occupational exposure limits are set at 0.05 mg/m³ for respirable particles according to NIOSH recommendations .
参考来源
硫酸锂(Lithium sulfate)是一种无机化合物,化学式为Li₂SO₄,分子量约为109.94。以下是其详细解析:
物理特性
常温下为无色单斜晶体或白色结晶粉末,存在α、β、γ三种晶型。密度为2.22g/mL(25℃),熔点为845℃,易溶于水(25℃时溶解度为25.7%),但不溶于丙酮、乙醇等有机溶剂。一水合物(Li₂SO₄·H₂O)在高温下会脱水。
化学性质
具有吸湿性,其水溶液呈中性。工业级产品通常要求硫酸锂含量≥99%,杂质如钙、镁等需严格控制。
医药用途
主要用于治疗躁狂抑郁性精神病,其作用机制包括:
工业用途
如需更详细的技术参数或应用案例,可参考化工数据库或行业标准文件。
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