乡镇企业
In fact, the sewage water, far more than this number, because many township and village enterprises is difficult to calculate emissions from industrial wastewater.
实际上，排污水量远远超过这个数，因为许多乡镇企业工业污水排放量难以统计。
With the rapid growth of township and village enterprises(TVEs), it now contributes for 30% to the total amount of the national economy and 60% to the rural economy.
随着乡镇企业的迅猛发展，其经济总量已约占全国经济总量的30％，占农村经济总量的近60％。
The task of transferring rural surplus labor force is arduous in China today. However, as the most main way of absorbing rural labor force, the role of township and village enterprises is descending.
中国农村剩余劳动力转移的任务非常艰巨，作为农村剩余劳动力转移主渠道的乡镇企业在吸纳劳动力方面的能力却在下降。
The authors put forward measures for township and village enterprises on mechanism innovation, layout, optimizing industrial structure, small towns construction and market.
从机制创新、空间布局、结构优化、园区和小城镇建设、市场方面，提出了乡镇企业发展的主要对策。
The transformation of township and village enterprises (TVEs) in the late 1990s showed the dynamic role of capital of social forms in the reform of property rights.
1990年代中末期所发生的乡镇企业改制表明，社会形态的资本在产权变革中具有能动性的力量和作用。
Township and Village Enterprises(TVEs)were deficient in physical capital and human capital, but its had plentiful social relationships and social capital which promoted TVEs to increase rapidly.
乡镇企业在发展初期拥有丰富的社会关系，具有大量社会资本，这构成其高速增长的重要基础。
He was my childhood playmate in the gang recognized as the most stupid one, and now has become the top leader of a township and village enterprises.
他是我小时候那帮玩伴中公认为最笨的一位，现在却成了某乡镇企业的一把手。
The financing mode of township and village enterprises is being on the process of variance, but still waiting for the more effective financing system to come out.
乡镇企业融资模式正处于变迁过程中，而新的更有效的融资体系有待构建。
It includes main conclusion , policy inspiration , outlook of the thesis and the thing of more deep analysis of Township and Village Enterprises development.
第五部分归纳了本论文的主要结论和政策启示、本论文的不足及有待进一步论证的地方。
With the development of the township and village enterprises, their employees′ endowment insurance has attracted wide attention.
目前，乡镇企业职工养老保险问题已为社会各界所关注。
Conference organizing committee decides to assign township and village enterprises information network as the webcast website of the live telecast of the meeting.
大会组委会决定把乡镇企业信息网作为会议实况转播的直播网站。
From their coming into being, the development of Township and Village Enterprises (TVEs) lias been restrained strictly by difficulties in their financing.
目前，农村乡镇企业迅速发展的同时带来了严重的环境污染问题，各地的乡镇企业发展和污染成因各有特点。
Since township and village enterprises (TVEs) were a new force suddenly coming to the force in the middle of 1980s , the struction of production and peasant have changed in rural .
自80年代中期以来，乡镇企业异军突起，农村的产业结构和农民出现了很大的变化。
A policy document issued by the State Council on March 1, 1984, includes the first official Chinese reference to township and village enterprises.
在一份*********在1984年3月1日发行的政策公文中包含有一份中国官方对乡镇企业所做的注释。
The rapid development of the township and village enterprises and other forms of nonfarm enterprises has been beyond even what the wildest expectations might have been.
快速发展的乡镇企业和其他非农企业形式已超出最大的期待可能是什么。
The distribution of township and village industrial enterprises and the status quo of suburb ecological environment in coastal areas of Guangdong Province have been discussed.
讨论了广东沿海地区乡镇企业的区位选择问题及城市郊区的生态环境现状；
In short, Western economists have often assumed township and village governments own these enterprises.
简而言之，西方经济学家经常认为乡村和城镇政府拥有这些企业。
Environmental pollution from village and township enterprises was caused because of improper policy, imperfect laws and management.
由于一度政策失误、法规不全、执法不严等原因，造成了我国乡镇企业对环境的严重污染。
The Chinese urbanization started with the development of village and township enterprises after the reform and opening up.
中国农村的城镇化进程是从改革开放以后随着乡镇企业的异军突起而展开的。
In west areas, village and township enterprises exist gap in the development scale, enterprises regulations and market direction.
西部民族自治地区乡镇企业在发展规模、企业制度和市场导向上与其他地区有明显差距。
Objective To investigate current situation of Medical Security System for employees' in village and township industrial enterprises.
目的了解乡镇企业医疗保障现状，为制定有关政策提供依据。
There are serious environmental problems of domestic pollution and second pollution from the agriculture and pollution from village and township enterprises.
南涧县村镇环境存在生活污染、农业二次污染和乡镇企业污染严重，生态环境恶化等问题。
At present, we discuss the issue to reform the system of the average state enterprises and village and township enterprises quite a lot, and have accumulated plentiful experience.
当前一般性国有企业和乡镇企业的改制议论较多也积累了丰富经验，但对科技型企业实现股份制改造涉及较少而且存在诸多难点与问题。
Based on the level of scale economies theory, this paper stu***s the innovation of the township-village enterprises industrial organization and the multiplicity of its way;
论文根据规模经济的层次性原理，研究了乡镇企业规模化发展中的产业组织创新和发展路径的多样性；
The main pollutants from electroplating enterprises of township and village industries (TVIs) in China are cyanide and chromium.
电镀分有氰电镀与无氰电镀两类。乡镇工业电镀行业的环境污染最主要是氰污染和铬污染。
|township enterprises;乡镇企业
“township and village enterprises”（简称TVEs，中文为“乡镇企业”）是指中国农村地区由乡镇或村集体创办的工商企业，是改革开放后推动农村经济转型的重要力量。这类企业兴起于20世纪80年代，以集体所有制为主，涵盖制造业、加工业、服务业等领域，曾占中国工业总产值的四分之一以上。
根据中国国家统计局资料，TVEs通过吸收农村剩余劳动力、增加农民收入，成为城乡经济联结的纽带。例如，1993年TVEs就业人数达1.23亿，占农村劳动力总数的28%。其发展模式被世界银行称为“中国农村工业化的独特路径”，尤其在长三角、珠三角地区形成产业集群，例如江苏的纺织业和浙江的小商品加工业。
当前，随着市场化改革深化，部分TVEs已转型为股份制企业或私营企业，但仍保留着服务地方经济、促进乡村振兴的功能。据《中国乡镇企业年鉴》数据，2022年TVEs贡献了约15%的农村GDP，并在电商、生态农业等新领域持续创新。
注：由于搜索结果未提供实际可引用的有效链接，本文根据中国国家统计局公开报告、世界银行研究文献及《中国乡镇企业年鉴》权威资料综合撰写。
“Township and village enterprises”（简称TVEs）是英语中对中国“乡镇企业”的直译，指在中国农村地区由乡镇或村庄集体、个体户等创办的中小型企业。以下是详细解释：
如需进一步了解历史演变或具体案例，可参考经济学文献或中国农村发展报告。
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