
[经] 边际消费倾向
That slope is the marginal propensity to consume.
这个斜率就是边际消费倾向。
With a descent of marginal propensity to consume of Chinese resident, expenditure multiplier of government uniterruptedly go down.
然而,随着居民边际消费倾向的不断下降,政府的支出乘数也在不断降低;
This paper explores the impact of income distribution on propensity to consume and explains the characteristics of propensity to consume in China based on the law of diminishing marginal utility.
本文以消费的边际效用递减规律为基础,探讨了居民收入差距和消费倾向间可能的关系,并对中国居民消费倾向变动趋势进行解释。
It is about the marginal propensity to consume (MPC), which is the extra consumption generated by a dollar of extra income.
而是与边际消费倾向(MPC)有关,即收入每增加一美元带来的相应消费增量。
It has two forms: average propensity to consume and marginal propensity to consume.
平均消费倾向和边际消费倾向。
If the marginal propensity to consume increases, the multiplier increases, additional autonomous spending will have a greater compounded effect in the equilibrium of the goods market.
如果消费倾向增加,乘数增加,附加自发支出会在商品市场的均衡有更大的复合效应。
Thereby it draws some conclusions that invest multiplier of FuXin is not stable, marginal propensity to consume lowly.
得出了阜新投资乘数不稳定,边际消费倾向偏低;
Then the task is to estimate the cointegration equations to obtain the marginal propensity to consume and the income elasticity of the city dwellers central China.
之后采用面板DOLS方法来估计两个面板协整式,得到中部城镇居民的边际消费倾向和消费收入弹性。
A corollary from the hypothesis is that, people's marginal propensity to consume in earlier life cycle is high, in the following life cycle is relatively low, and in the late life cycle is high again.
由这一假说得到的一个推论就是,人们的边际消费倾向在生命周期的早期较高,在生命周期的中期较低,而到生命周期的晚期又会较高。
Under existing household registration system in China, migrants have lower marginal propensity to consume than the urban residents.
他认为在现有户籍制度下,移民人口具有较低的边际消费倾向。
Government Spending Multipliers - Numbers that increase the change in output affected by a change in government spending due to consumer's marginal propensity to consume.
政府支出乘数-数字的变化,增加产量的变化而受影响的政府支出,由于消费者的边际消费倾向。
In fact, we have already assumed capitalist's Marginal propensity to consume is zero early.
事实上,我们先前已经假定资本家的边际消费倾向为零。
Marginal propensity to consume is the effect on consumption of an additional dollar in disposable income.
边际消费倾向 增大了任意的自发支出扩张的影响。
边际消费倾向(Marginal Propensity to Consume, MPC)是宏观经济学中的核心概念,用于衡量消费者收入增加时,消费支出随之变化的比率。其定义为:每增加1单位可支配收入中用于消费的比例,公式可表示为
$$
MPC = frac{Delta C}{Delta Y}
$$
其中,$Delta C$代表消费变化量,$Delta Y$代表收入变化量。
经济学意义
MPC反映了经济个体或整体的消费决策倾向。例如,若MPC为0.8,则收入每增加1元,消费支出增加0.8元,剩余0.2元转为储蓄。这一指标是凯恩斯消费函数的基础,用于分析总需求和经济周期波动。
数值范围与群体差异
MPC通常介于0到1之间。低收入群体的MPC较高(接近1),因其收入多用于基本需求;高收入群体MPC较低,更多收入用于储蓄或投资。世界银行研究指出,发展中国家平均MPC约为0.7-0.9,发达国家则为0.6-0.8。
政策制定依据
MPC是财政政策乘数效应的关键变量。政府通过税收调整或转移支付刺激经济时,高MPC群体能更快扩大消费,从而提升政策效果。例如,国际货币基金组织(IMF)在2020年新冠疫情经济复苏计划中,将MPC作为测算补贴发放规模的核心参数。
边际消费倾向(Marginal Proppensity to Consume,简称 MPC)是经济学中衡量收入变动对消费支出影响的关键指标。以下是详细解释:
MPC 表示当可支配收入每增加1 单位时,消费者用于消费的额外比例。例如,若收入增加 $100,其中 $80 用于消费,则 MPC = 0.8。
MPC 的数学表达式为: $$ MPC = frac{Delta C}{Delta Y} $$ 其中:
若某国居民收入从 $50,000 增至 $55,000,消费从 $40,000 增至 $44,000: $$ MPC = frac{44,000 - 40,000}{55,000 - 50,000} = frac{4,000}{5,000} = 0.8 $$ 这表明每增加 $1 收入,平均消费增加 $0.8。
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