调质处理；淬火及回火
Heat treatment shall consist of normalizing normalizing and tempering or quenching and tempering .
热处理包括正火、正火和回火或者淬火和回火。
Its CCT curve was determined by test. The influence of quenching and tempering temperature on the mechanical properties was also stu***d.
试验测定了该钢的CCT曲线，探讨了淬火和回火加热温度对该钢力学性能的影响。
The main results of our research show that we have obtained the structure of metal in line with that of ancient Chinese bronze mirrors by quenching and tempering.
其主要收获是：使用淬火、回火的方式获得了与古镜基本一致的组织，从而证实了我国古镜进行过热处理；
It claims that chief methods of steel strengthening and toughening includes intercritical hardening, control cooling heat tredrient, and quenching and tempering.
认为主要的强韧化途径有：亚温淬火、控制冷却以及调质处理。
Overall heat treatment of steel includes annealing, normalizing, quenching and tempering .
钢铁整体热处理大致有退火、正火、淬火和回火四种基本工艺。
A new non-quenching and tempering steel with granular bainite has been developed by proper microalloying and optimized process of steel-****** and rolling.
采用合适的合金化设计方案、优化冶炼和轧制工艺，研制了一种组织为粒状贝氏体的非调质钢。
Quenching and tempering heat treatment process for raw materials, temperature control, controlled atmosphere furnace, quenching medium, such as strict requirements.
调质热处理工艺对原材料、炉温控制、炉内气氛控制、淬火介质等都有严格的要求。
In the study on HSLA80 steel the direct quenching and tempering (DQT) process was compared with conventional reheating quenching and tempering (RQT) process.
对一种HSLA80钢板分别进行了调质处理和直接淬火加回火工艺的比较性试验研究。
The influences of quenching and tempering temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of medium-carbon-low-alloy wear-resistant cast steel were investigated.
研究了淬火和回火温度对中碳低合金耐磨铸钢组织和力学性能的影响。
Different process of quenching and tempering affects the thermal fatigue resistance and hardness variable trend of the material.
不同的淬火回火工艺影响材料的热疲劳抗力和在热循环中的硬度变化趋势；
An Analysis on Fatigue Fracture of Oil-Suck-Rod of Non- Quenching and Tempering Steel;
采用扫描电镜等手段分析了断裂活塞，结果表明活塞断裂的性质属于疲劳断裂。
The quenching and tempering for large steel plate is a intractable problem as the large quenching distortion and difficult to control.
大型钢板调质是热处理行业中多年来难以控制变形、淬火变形大、十分棘手的难题之一。
The principle for the oil-quenching and tempering technology of two high chromium martensitic stainless steels is introduced.
介绍两种高铬马氏体不锈钢的油淬火回火工艺原理；
Improved quenching and tempering processes were established.
根据其失效形式确定新的淬火、回火工艺。
Die head material and processing:Use high-quality steel, after quenching and tempering, grinding the inside surface of the polished mirror surface plating treatment;
模头材质及加工：选用优质钢材，经调质处理，研磨内侧表面，抛光镜面电镀处理；电镀。
The results show that X80 pipeline steel obtains sorbite after quenching and tempering, gets pearlite by normalizing.
结果表明：X80钢经调质处理后得到索氏体，正火得到珠光体。
The cyclic strain low cycle fatigue and cyclic stress ratcheting failure of 45 carbon steel treated by quenching and tempering were experimentally investigated.
对调质处理的45碳索结构钢进行了应变循环低周疲劳实验以及应力控制棘轮失效实验。
The production line used by the heat treatment process are: quenching and tempering of the two.
该生产线所使用的热处理工艺有：淬火和回火两种工艺。
After quenching and tempering for general use, to adapt to different needs, the steel after quenching can be for low or high temperature tempering.
焊接性差，焊前应预热。一般渗碳及淬火后使用，也可以调质后使用。
The test results show that the surface of H13 steel can obtain the optimum performance at temperature of complete annealing, quenching and tempering.
试验结果表明H13钢在最佳完全退火温度、淬火温度、回火温度下可得到最优综合性能。
Heat treatment of steel as a whole generally are annealing, normalizing, quenching and tempering are four basic processes.
钢铁整体热处理大致有退火、正火、淬火和回火四种基本工艺。
Two important points are to be noted in connection with the quenching and tempering of steel.
关于钢的淬火和回火有两个要点需要注意。
Immediate quenching and tempering process of steel T10 after low temperature salt bath chromizing was stu***d.
研究了T10钢在低温盐浴渗铬后直接淬火并回火工艺。
The results show that the best quenching temperature is 850 ℃, the hardness is not significantly changed(50~53 HRC)through different quenching and tempering temperature.
结果表明，试验钢的最佳淬火温度为850℃，试验钢经不同温度淬火、低温回火后，钢的硬度变化并不显著，在50~53HRC之间；
In additions the paper qualitatively analyses the influence of residual stresses occurring after quenching and tempering and the process of heat treatment on the formation of the cracks.
此外，还定性分析了淬火、回火后残余应力的性质及热处理工艺过程对裂纹形成的影响。
|hardening and tempering/thermal refining;调质处理；淬火及回火
淬火（quenching）与回火（tempering）是金属热处理中相辅相成的关键工艺。淬火指将金属加热至临界温度（如钢的奥氏体化温度约850°C）后，通过水、油或聚合物等介质急速冷却。此过程使金属内部形成高硬度的马氏体结构，显著提升材料强度和耐磨性，常见于工具钢、齿轮等部件的加工。
回火则是将淬火后的金属重新加热至150-650°C区间并缓慢冷却，通过调整温度与时长控制材料性能。此阶段马氏体转变为回火马氏体或托氏体，能有效消除淬火产生的内部应力，在保持硬度的同时增加韧性和抗冲击能力，避免材料脆性断裂。例如弹簧钢经过350°C回火后，弹性极限可提升20%以上。
两项工艺的组合应用被美国材料试验协会（ASTM）列为钢材强韧化标准流程，相关参数可见《ASTM A255金属淬透性测定标准》。中国机械工程学会《热处理技术手册》也指出，淬火+回火可使中碳钢综合力学性能提升30%-50%，广泛应用于汽车轴承、航空紧固件等高精度部件制造。
quenching and tempering 是金属热处理中的两个关键工艺，通常结合使用以改善材料的综合性能。以下是详细解释：
将两者结合（quenching and tempering）称为调质处理，主要应用于中碳钢或合金钢，以实现：
调质处理广泛用于机械制造、汽车工业、航空航天等领域，典型案例如：
如需更完整的工艺流程或参数，可参考材料科学相关教材或专业文献（如、10的工业案例）。
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