[微] 异养细菌
Abundance of heterotrophic bacteria, ammonifying bacteria and nitrite bacteria, and heterotrophic bacterial population dynamics in the coastal waters of Zhejiang were investigated.
文章报道了浙江海岛沿岸水域中异养细菌、氨化细菌和反硝化细菌的数量分布及异养细菌的种群组成。
The results indicated that highest rate of over permitted standard of clone formula unit(cfu)of fecal coliform reaches 40 % and the rate of permitted standard of heterotrophic bacteria goes over 60 %.
结果表明，四个航次海水粪大肠杆菌群超标率最高为40%，异养细菌总数超标率均达60%以上。
Generally, there are large amounts of heterotrophic bacteria and small amounts of autotrophic bacteria in the water body.
总体来说，水体中异养微生物数量大，而自养微生物数量小。
Heterotrophic bacteria eat most of the carbon-based materials in raw sewage while autotrophic bacteria consume ammonia and nitrogen compounds.
异养细菌*********掉未处理污水当中的大部分碳基物质；而自养细菌则会消耗掉氨氮化合物。
Fish diseases can be inspected by investigating the number of heterotrophic bacteria and vibrios in cage - cultured waters.
利用检测养殖水域异养细菌和弧菌的数量可预测鱼病的发生。
A negative relationship with salinity was found for heterotrophic bacteria along two sections across the East China Sea Shelf as well.
在横穿东海陆架的两个断面，异养细菌的丰度表现出与盐度的负相关关系。
The conclusion is that using the differences of colony characteristics as the first step of pick-up of isolates will greatly underestimate the diversity of cultivable heterotrophic bacteria.
试验结果表明，以菌落特征的差异来挑选不同的菌株作为分析细菌多样性的第一个筛选步骤，会大大低估可培养异养细菌的多样性。
The quantity and composition of heterotrophic bacteria community were investigated from water column of Portunus trituperculatus rearing pond in Meishan, Ningbo in October.
对三疣梭子蟹养殖池塘水体异养细菌的数量和菌群组成进行了调查分析。
The dissolved oxygen had greater effects on heterotrophic bacteria, ammonifying bacteria and nitrifying bacteria.
溶解氧对异养细菌、氨化细菌、硝化细菌有较大影响。
In the level distribution, there is the largest amount of heterotrophic bacteria at tidal zone, less much at the area 100M from low water line, smallest at the area 300M from low water line.
在水平分布中，异养细菌的数量在潮间带最大，其次是离低潮线100m的海区，离低潮线300m的海区最小。
In this paper, the relation of heterotrophic bacteria to nitrogen and phosphorus in marine environment is stu***d by adding nitrogen and phosphorus to the seawater in mesocosm.
利用海洋围隔生态系统实验装置，向海水中施加不同浓度的氮和磷，研究海洋异养细菌与海水环境中氮、磷的关系。
Heterotrophic bacteria and vibrios at each site were investigated with 2216E plate and TCBS plate, respectively.
采用平板稀释法对异养菌和弧菌数量进行了周年检测；
The number of heterotrophic bacteria and nitrifying bacteria increased with the time of the hydraulic retention time, contrary to the nitrobacter.
根际细菌和硝化细菌数量随着水力停留时间增加而增加，而根际反硝化细菌数量则减少。
A rapid, automatic method determining the concentration of heterotrophic bacteria in water samples is described.
该文讨论了一种快速、自动测定循环冷却水中异养菌含量的方法。
Heterotrophic bacteria are a category which includes all bacteria that survive by consuming organic matter .
厌氧菌被分类为那种靠消耗有机物质 而存活的细菌。
Heterotrophic bacteria producing acids is the dominant strain during facultative reaction. The treate…
兼氧反应过程中的微生物以异养型的产酸细菌为优势菌种。
The exist of some microorganisms, such as heterotrophic bacteria, also influence the corrosion synthetically.
土壤中异养菌等多种微生物的存在也对腐蚀产生综合作用。
Heterotrophic bacteria producing acids is the dominant strain during facultative reaction.
兼氧反应过程中的微生物以异养型的产酸细菌为优势菌种。
Nitrification and heterotrophic bacteria that was screened and separated from digestion sludge is used to treat schoolyard domestic sewage.
从消化污泥中筛选、分离出具有硝化作用的异养菌用于校园生活污水的处理。
Considering the pathogenic potential of each ECP and the abilities of bacteria to produce multiple ECPs, 5 heterotrophic bacteria strains were provisionally recognized as potential pathogens.
综合考虑每一种胞外酶的潜在致病作用，以及菌株分泌多种胞外酶的能力，初步确认有5株异养菌为鲍苗掉板的潜在致病菌。
Heterotrophic bacteria counts in some of the bottles were found to be in revolting figures of 100 times more than the permitted limit, said Sonish Azam, a researcher on the study.
调查员SonishiAzam在调查报告中说：在瓶装水中发现的厌氧菌其总量已经超过了应有的一百倍。
This paper stu***d the abilities of denitrification and kinetics of denitrification of heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria.
研究电极生物膜反应器中异养反硝化菌的脱氮能力及脱氮动力学。
The heterotrophic nitrification bacteria existed in MBR system possessing SND effect of 80% was isolated and cultured; and its mortifying characteristic was stu***d.
对具有80%的同步硝化反硝化（SND）效果的MBR系统中存在的异养硝化菌进行了分离培养，并对其硝化特性进行了研究。
Therefore, more and more attentions are paid to heterotrophic nitrification bacteria for wastewater treatment.
因此， 这类细菌已成为废水处理中生物脱氮新工艺的重要研究对象。
异养细菌（Heterotrophic Bacteria） 指一类必须从外界摄取现成有机碳源（如糖类、蛋白质、脂肪等）作为能量和碳素来源的细菌。它们无法像自养生物那样通过光合作用或化能合成作用自行制造有机物，而是通过分解其他生物体或有机物获取营养。这类细菌在生态系统中扮演着至关重要的分解者角色，参与有机质的矿化过程，推动碳、氮等元素的生物地球化学循环。
营养依赖
异养细菌通过分泌胞外酶（如蛋白酶、淀粉酶）将大分子有机物分解为可吸收的小分子物质，再通过主动运输摄入细胞内进行代谢。其能量来源包括呼吸作用（需氧或厌氧）或发酵过程。
生态多样性
环境适应性
广泛分布于土壤、水体、空气及生物体内。部分种类可在极端环境（如深海、酸性温泉）生存，其代谢多样性支撑了生物圈的物质循环效率。
根据能量代谢方式可分为：
典型代表：大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）是人类肠道中常见的兼性厌氧异养菌，既参与维生素合成，也可能导致感染性疾病。
heterotrophic bacteria（异养细菌）是指不能通过光合作用或化能合成作用自主制造有机物，必须依赖外界现成有机物作为碳源和能量来源的细菌。以下是详细解释：
异养细菌无法利用无机碳（如CO₂）合成有机物，必须从环境中摄取有机碳化合物（如糖类、蛋白质等）来维持生命活动。其能量来源主要为有机物分解产生的化学能，与自养细菌（如光合细菌）形成鲜明对比。
根据获取有机物的方式，异养细菌可分为两类：
异养细菌的多样性（heterotrophic bacteria diversity）是微生物生态研究的重要方向，涉及物种、功能及遗传层面的差异。部分细菌为专性异养（obligative heterotrophic），即完全依赖有机物生存。
如需进一步了解具体菌种或研究案例，可参考海洋异养细菌分布文献或微生物学教材。
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