
过去完成时
Paul was unconcerned about what he had done.
保罗对自己所做过的事情并不在意。
He felt he had atoned for what he had done to his son.
他觉得他已弥补曾对儿子所做的错事。
A period spent working abroad had done nothing to mellow him.
他在海外工作了一段时间,却没有变得老练。
He was an experienced parachutist who had done over 150 jumps.
他是个经验丰富的跳伞者,已经跳过150多次了。
He said he had done nothing wrong to merit a criminal investigation.
他说他没有做错任何事,不应该受到刑事调查。
“had done”是英语中过去完成时(Past Perfect Tense)的典型结构,由助动词“had”加动词的过去分词构成。该时态主要用于以下两种情况:
表示过去某一时间点之前已完成的动作
例如:“Shehad left the office before the meeting started.”(会议开始前她已离开办公室)指出,这种用法强调动作的先后顺序,常与“before”“by the time”“when”等时间状语连用。
描述过去事件对后续动作的影响
如:“Hehad forgotten his keys, so he couldn’t enter the house.”(他忘了带钥匙,因此无法进屋)提到,此类句子中,“had done”的作用是解释后续动作发生的原因或背景。
与其他时态的区别
与一般过去时(如“did”)相比,过去完成时更注重动作的完成性。例如:“I ate dinner”仅陈述过去动作,而“Ihad eaten dinner when she arrived”强调“吃晚饭”在“她到达”前已完成。建议通过时间状语或上下文判断是否需要使用过去完成时。
“Had done” 是英语中的过去完成时(Past Perfect Tense)结构,由助动词 had +动词的过去分词(如 done, eaten, written)构成。以下是其核心用法和含义:
表示在过去某一时间点或动作之前已经完成的动作,即“过去的过去”。例如:
By 10 a.m.,I had finished my homework.
(到上午10点时,我已经完成了作业。)
→ “完成作业”发生在“10点”之前。
When she arrived, the trainhad left.
(她到达时,火车已经离开了。)
→ “火车离开”先于“她到达”。
常搭配by the time, before, after, until 等时间状语:
By the time he woke up, his roommatehad cooked breakfast.
(他醒来时,室友已经做好了早餐。)
用于与过去事实相反的假设(如 if 从句):
If Ihad known the answer, I would have told you.
(如果我当时知道答案,就会告诉你了。)
→ 实际“过去不知道答案”。
Shehad left when I called. (过去完成,强调“打电话前离开”)
Shehas left the company. (现在完成,强调“现在已不在公司”)
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