基准利率
So it is intrinsic for the marketization of interest rate to choose an appropriate and effective market interest rate as benchmark interest rate by the currency authorities.
因此利率市场化内在要求货币当局从利率体系中选定一种合适、有效的市场利率作为基准利率。
The BoK also kept its benchmark interest rate unchanged at a record-low 2% whilst the Philippine central bank cut its benchmark rate by 25bps to 4%, the sixth cut in seven months.
韩国央行还将基准利率维持在纪录低点2％，而菲律宾央行下调基准利率25个基点到4％，这是七个月来第六次下调基准利率。
Benchmark interest rate is a basic interest rate indispensable to the mechanism of interest rate marketization. To some extent, it is the core of the system.
基准利率是整个市场化利率体系中所不可缺少的基本利率，从某种意义上来说基准利率是利率市场化机制形成的核心。
The Bank of Korea unexpectedly leftits benchmark interest rate unchanged, a sign of concern thatslowing external demand will hurt exports in Asia’s fourth-biggest economy.
韩国央行出人意料地保持基准利率不变，可能是担心放缓的外部需求会影响这个亚洲第四大经济体的出口。
Hungary's monetary council raised its benchmark interest rate, from 8.25% to 8.5%, to try to bring inflation down to its 3% target.
匈牙利货币*********将基准利率从8.25%上调到8.5%，试图将通货膨胀率降低到3%的目标。
Soon after the announcement on Tuesday the Reserve Bank of Australia cut its benchmark interest rate by 1 percentage point to 3.25 per cent, its lowest level in almost half a century.
很快在周二政府宣布澳大利亚储备银行将基准利率下调1个人百分点至3.25%，这是几乎是半个世纪来的最低点。
The Bank of Japan's policy board voted to keep its benchmark interest rate unchanged at 0.5% on September 19th.
9月19日，日本央行政策*********投票决定维持基准利率不变，仍为0.5 ％ 。
The Icelandic central bank’s benchmark interest rate has fallen to 4.5%, from a peak of 18%.
冰岛央行的基准利率从最高峰18%下调到4.5%。
The Federal Reserve has left its benchmark interest rate unchanged. The federal funds rate, the rate that banks charge each other remains at two percent.
美联储保持基准利率不变，联邦基金利率，这个利率也就是银行间贷款利率保持在百分之二。
The Federal Reserve has left its benchmark interest rate unchanged.
美国联准会依旧保持基准利率不变。
Given where the Bank of Japan’s benchmark interest rate is now, they can’t really lower rates.
基于现在日本的银行利率，他们不会降息。
In a flurry of activity it took its benchmark interest rate from 4.25% in early October to 2% by mid-January.
在其采取的一系列的降息后，基准利率从早前10月的4.25%降到来今年1月中旬的2%。
de facto rise of 20%-25%in consideration of the actual home loan interest rate which was adjusted to 10%-15% below the benchmark interest rate by most banks in the past.
另一方面，第二套房的贷款利息由基准利率上浮10%，考虑到过去多家银行已将实际住房贷款利率调整为基准利率下浮10%-15%，新的贷款利率实际增长了20%-25%。
On February 12th the independent Central Bank joined in, slashing its benchmark interest rate by a massive two-and-a-half percentage points, to 4.75%.
2月12号，独立中央银行也采取措施促进经济，将基准利率大幅削减了2.5个百分点，下调到4.75%。
China’s central bank raised its benchmark interest rate by 25 basis points to 6.06%, its third increase since October as it tries to tackle rising inflation.
中国央行的基准利率提高了25个基准点到6.60%，这是自十月份以来为了试图抑制通货膨胀的第三次提高。
The minutes of the latest meeting of the bank’s monetary-policy committee suggest that it will raise its benchmark interest rate in March or April, for the first time since September 2008.
央行货币政策*********上次会议记录，建议央行在三、四月间调高基准利率，这是自前年九月以来的第一次。
Its monetary-policy committee raised the SELIC benchmark interest rate by 75 basis points to 9.5%, its first increase in a year and a half. It is expected to tighten much more in coming months.
四月廿八日，巴西央行承认经济过热的危险，货币政策*********一次调高SELIC基准利率三码至百分之九点五，这是一年半来第一次调高，预期未来几个月还会更加紧收。
ON AUGUST 31st Brazil’s monetary-policy committee decided to cut the Central Bank’s benchmark interest rate by half a percentage point, to 12%.
8月31日，巴西货币政策*********决定把中央银行的基准利率降低0.5个百分点，减至12％。
China brought forward the release of August economic indicators by two days, spurring speculation the central bank may be preparing to raise a benchmark interest rate before markets open on Monday.
中国提前2天公布8月经济数据，引发央行可能准备在周一开盘前提高基准利率的猜想。
The European Central Bank also cut its benchmark interest rate by half a percentage point, to 1.5%.
欧洲央行也将其基准利率降低了0.5个百分点至1.5%。
Since China's central bank announced on the 16th, down one-year RMB loans benchmark interest rate 0.27 percentage points, deposit rates remain unchanged.
中国央行公布自16日起，下调一年期人民币贷款基准利率0.27个百分点，存款基准利率则保持稳定。
基准利率（Benchmark Interest Rate）是中央银行向商业银行提供短期贷款时收取的利率，是金融市场中所有利率定价的核心参考标准。它直接影响整体经济的借贷成本、货币供应量和通胀水平，是央行调控宏观经济的关键工具。
基准利率由各国中央银行设定（如美联储的联邦基金利率、中国人民银行的贷款市场报价利率LPR）。它决定了商业银行之间短期拆借资金的成本，并传导至存款、贷款、债券等金融产品的利率。例如：
美联储通过公开市场操作调整该利率，影响全球资本流动。2023年为抑制通胀，美联储连续加息至5.25%-5.5%（来源：美联储货币政策报告）。
欧洲央行以此调控欧元区19国信贷条件，2024年维持在4.5%应对经济滞胀（来源：欧洲央行）。
由18家银行报价形成，分1年期和5年期，直接影响实体经济融资成本（来源：中国人民银行）。
基准利率通过以下路径影响经济：
graph LR
A[央行调整基准利率] --> B[商业银行借贷成本变化]
B --> C[企业/个人贷款利率变动]
C --> D[投资与消费需求调整]
D --> E[通胀率/就业率变化]例如，降息会降低企业融资成本，刺激扩张和生产，进而提升就业（来源：伯南克《货币政策机制》）。
基准利率（Benchmark Interest Rate）是金融市场中具有普遍参照作用的基础利率，其水平和变动直接影响其他利率及金融资产定价。以下从定义、作用、常见类型及中国应用场景展开说明：
基准利率是金融机构确定贷款利率或投资回报率时参照的核心利率标准。它在利率体系中起主导作用，通常由中央银行或市场主导形成，例如：
中国人民银行制定存贷款基准利率，例如：
基准利率是利率市场化机制的核心，既反映资金成本，又是政策调控工具。不同国家根据金融市场结构选择适合的基准类型，而中国正逐步从官方定价转向市场化形成机制。如需进一步了解各国具体利率标准，可参考央行或金融监管机构发布的数据。
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