
刚要,即将;正要做某事
Be about to do sth when …
正准备做某事,突然间…
Want to solve this problem. Be about to do it from him.
想要解决这个问题,就要从他开始。
Congress has had a lousy few years. It may be about to do better.
国会这几年做的非常糟糕,它似乎将做得更好。
There is no reason to be pessimistic about the future, because we are young enough to do everything.
没有理由对未来悲观,因为我们还年轻,我们能做任何事情。
Do you have to be so cynical about everything?
你非得怀疑一切吗?
|to be about;刚要,即将;正要做某事
"be about to do" 是英语中表示“即将发生动作”的固定短语,用于描述某事在短时间内必然发生或某人即将采取行动的状态。以下是其详细解析:
核心语义与用法
该结构强调迫近的时间点,通常暗示动作会在说话后立即发生。例如:
The concert is about to start. (音乐会马上就要开始了)
根据《剑桥英语语法》,此短语常用于口语,表达“没有延迟的将来”,且不搭配具体时间状语(如不可说 I'm about to leave in 10 minutes)。
语法特征
与类似结构的区别
根据《牛津英语用法指南》:
短语 | 时间紧迫性 | 主观意图 |
---|---|---|
be going to do | 中等 | 有计划性 |
be about to do | 极高 | 客观即将性 |
例如:The sky is dark—it's about to rain(客观现象) vs. I'm going to study abroad next year(主观计划)。
权威例句参考
"The experiment was about to commence when the power outage occurred."(《自然》期刊论文)
"Hurry up! The train is about to depart!"(BBC英语教学栏目)
特殊语境延伸
在商业沟通中,该短语可表达委婉的紧迫性(例:We are about to finalize the deal, please confirm your approval)。法律文本中则多用于描述即将生效的条款(例:The policy is about to take effect on August 1st)。
"Be about to do" 是一个英语固定短语,表示某事即将发生或某人即将做某事,强调动作的即时性。以下是详细解析:
基本结构
主语 + be动词 (am/is/are/was/were) + about to + 动词原形
例:She was about to leave when the phone rang.(她正要离开时电话响了)
否定形式
be not about to do
可表达两种含义:
时态差异
表达方式 | 核心区别 | 例句 |
---|---|---|
be about to | 强调动作迫在眉睫,无具体时间规划 | I'm about to sneeze. |
be going to | 有计划性或较近的未来(如几小时后) | I'm going to meet her at 3 PM. |
will | 突发决定或较远的未来 | I'll call you tomorrow. |
不与具体时间连用
错误:The meeting is about to start at 2 PM.
正确:The meeting is about to start.(会议马上开始)
口语中的强调
美式英语中可用"just"加强语气:
例:I'm just about to finish this report!(我马上就写完报告了!)
如需更多例句或语境分析,可参考英语语法工具书(如《剑桥英语语法》)或通过语言学习平台(如BBC Learning English)练习实际用法。
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