冷性膿腫英文解釋翻譯、冷性膿腫的近義詞、反義詞、例句

英語翻譯：

【醫】 psychrapostema

分詞翻譯：

冷的英語翻譯：

cold; cold in manner; shot from hiding
【醫】 algor; cry-; crymo-; cryo-; krymo-; kryo-; psychro-

膿腫的英語翻譯：

【醫】 abscess; abscessus; apostasis; apostem; apostema; diapyema; ecpyesis

專業解析

Cold abscess, medically termed as "冷性膿腫 (lěng xìng nóng zhǒng)" in Chinese, is a type of abscess characterized by the absence of typical inflammatory signs such as redness, heat, or pain. It primarily occurs in chronic infections, most notably tuberculosis (TB), and develops due to the slow progression of pathogens like Mycobacterium tuberculosis within tissues. Unlike acute abscesses, cold abscesses form gradually and may manifest as painless swellings, often with necrotic tissue and caseous material at the core.

Key Characteristics:

Pathogenesis: Cold abscesses are linked to granulomatous infections, where the immune system walls off pathogens but fails to eliminate them completely. This results in localized tissue destruction and liquefaction.
Clinical Presentation: Common sites include lymph nodes (e.g., cervical or axillary), spinal regions (Pott's disease), and joints. Symptoms may include mild swelling, stiffness, or systemic signs like low-grade fever in advanced stages.
Diagnosis: Imaging techniques (MRI/CT) and histopathological examination of aspirated fluid are critical. Acid-fast bacilli staining or PCR tests confirm TB-related cases.
Treatment: Requires long-term antibiotic therapy (e.g., anti-TB drugs like rifampicin and isoniazid) and, in some cases, surgical drainage or debridement.

References:

World Health Organization (WHO) Tuberculosis Guidelines
Mayo Clinic: Tuberculosis Complications
National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)
Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 21st Edition

網絡擴展解釋

冷性膿腫（又稱寒性膿腫或冷膿腫）是結核杆菌感染引起的特殊類型膿腫，與普通化膿性感染形成的“熱膿腫”形成對比。以下是其核心特點及臨床信息：

一、定義與病因

冷性膿腫由結核杆菌感染引發，常見于骨結核（如脊柱結核）或淋巴結結核。結核病竈累及周圍軟組織時，導緻幹酪樣壞死和結核性肉芽組織形成，壞死物液化後形成膿腫。

二、臨床表現

無典型炎症反應
與熱膿腫的“紅腫熱痛”不同，冷膿腫局部皮膚無發紅、皮溫正常、壓痛不明顯。
膿液特征
膿液稀薄呈灰白色或米湯樣，含幹酪樣物質、壞死組織及死骨。
常見部位
- 脊柱結核：70%~80%患者并發冷膿腫，可能蔓延至咽後壁（頸椎結核）或腰大肌（腰椎結核），引起呼吸/吞咽困難或腹部包塊。
- 其他部位：淋巴結結核（如頸部）或關節結核。

三、治療與注意事項

抗結核治療
需長期規範使用抗結核藥物（如異煙肼、利福平）。
局部處理
避免切開引流以防傷口不愈，通常采用穿刺抽膿或手術清除病竈。
鑒别診斷
需與腫瘤、普通膿腫等區分，結合影像學（CT、MRI）及實驗室檢查（結核菌素試驗）确診。

四、中醫觀點

中醫稱其為“貼骨疽”，屬陰證範疇，常用陽和湯等溫陽散寒方劑輔助治療。

提示：若發現無痛性腫塊伴低熱、盜汗等症狀，建議及時就醫排查結核感染。