氣管擴張英文解釋翻譯、氣管擴張的近義詞、反義詞、例句

英語翻譯：

【醫】 tracheaectasy

分詞翻譯：

氣管的英語翻譯：

trachea; weasand; windpipe
【醫】 air-tube; trachea; tracheo-; weasand; windpipe

擴張的英語翻譯：

dilate; expand; outspread; overspread
【計】 dilatation
【醫】 dilatation; dilation; distention; ectasia; ectasis; ectasy; eury-
eurysma; expansion; stretch

專業解析

Tracheal ectasia, commonly referred to as tracheobronchomegaly in medical terminology, is a rare respiratory condition characterized by abnormal dilation of the trachea and main bronchi. This pathological expansion is attributed to structural weakness in the cartilaginous and muscular layers of the airway walls, often leading to impaired mucociliary clearance and recurrent infections. Clinically, patients may present with chronic cough, dyspnea, and increased susceptibility to respiratory tract infections. Diagnosis typically relies on radiographic imaging such as CT scans, which reveal tracheal diameters exceeding normal limits (≥3 cm in adults).

From a lexicographical perspective, the Chinese term "氣管擴張" (qìguǎn kuòzhāng) directly translates to "tracheal dilation" in English. The condition is also known as Mounier-Kuhn syndrome when congenital in origin. Treatment strategies focus on symptom management, including airway clearance techniques and antibiotics for infections.

References

Mayo Clinic: Respiratory Diseases Overview
National Library of Medicine (NLM): Tracheobronchomegaly Clinical Features
Radiological Society of North America (RSNA): Diagnostic Criteria for Tracheal Disorders

網絡擴展解釋

氣管擴張通常指支氣管擴張，是一種以支氣管結構破壞和持久性擴張為特征的慢性呼吸系統疾病。以下是綜合多個醫學來源的詳細解釋：

一、定義與病理機制

支氣管擴張是由于急慢性感染、阻塞或牽拉導緻支氣管壁彈性組織受損，形成不可逆的異常擴張。這種擴張可表現為柱狀、囊狀或混合型結構改變。

二、主要病因

感染因素：病毒、細菌等病原體反複感染（如肺炎、肺結核），破壞支氣管壁結構。
氣道阻塞：異物吸入、腫瘤壓迫或黏液栓塞導緻管腔壓力升高。
牽拉性擴張：肺部瘢痕組織（如肺結核愈合後）牽拉周圍支氣管。
先天因素：囊性纖維化、纖毛功能障礙等遺傳性疾病。

三、典型症狀

慢性咳嗽：持續數月甚至數年
大量膿痰：每日可達數百毫升，合并厭氧菌感染時呈惡臭味
反複咯血：從痰中帶血到大量咯血
全身症狀：長期患病可能導緻貧血、消瘦

四、診療建議

确診需通過胸部CT檢查，治療以控制感染、促進排痰為主。若出現咳黃綠痰、咯血等症狀，應及時到呼吸内科就診。早期規範治療可延緩肺功能下降，改善生活質量。

注：氣管與支氣管在解剖學上屬于不同部位，臨床上更常見的是支氣管擴張，而非主氣管擴張。以上信息綜合自權威醫學平台，具體診療請遵醫囑。