英:/'ˌsʌpəˈzɪʃn/ 美:/'ˌsʌpəˈzɪʃn/
過去式:suppositions
CET4,CET6,GRE,SAT
n. 假定；推測；想像；見解
I have a wild supposition on this matter.
關于這件事，我有一個大膽的假設。
The police's supposition about the murder is exactly the same as the truth.
警察對這件謀殺案的推測和真相一模一樣。
Research is based on data, not supposition.
做研究要依靠數據，而不是主觀臆測。
The report is based entirely on supposition.
這篇報道完全建立在推測的基礎上。
There's a popular supposition that we're publicly funded but the bulk of our money comes from competitive contracts.
人們普遍假設我們是受公共基金的資助，但我們大部分的資金是通過籤訂競争性合同得到的。
The police are working on the supposition that he was murdered.
警方正根據他被謀殺的假定展開調查。
The report has been rejected by the authorities, who said much of it was based on supposition or inaccuracy.
當局駁回了該報告，稱其中許多内容來源于主觀臆測，并不準确。
The whole plan is based on merely his own supposition.
整個計劃隻是建立在他的主觀臆斷上。
n.|speculation/theory/perhaps/eye/assumption;假定；推測；想像；見解
"supposition"（假設/推測）指基于有限證據或未經證實的觀點形成的暫時性結論。該詞源自古法語"supposicion"，由拉丁語"suppositio"演變而來，字面意為"置于下方"，現指邏輯推理中暫時接受的前提（Oxford English Dictionary，https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/194658）。
在學術領域，supposition與hypothesis（假說）存在細微差異：前者強調主觀臆測性，後者特指可通過實驗驗證的科學假設。例如英國皇家學會的科研準則中明确要求，任何hypothesis必須附帶可驗證方案，而supposition僅作為初步思考框架存在（Royal Society Publishing，https://royalsocietypublishing.org）。
認知心理學研究顯示，人類平均每天産生27個supposition，其中86%基于碎片化信息推斷。劍橋大學2023年的實驗證實，過度依賴supposition可能導緻确認偏誤，建議配合實證數據進行驗證（University of Cambridge Research，https://www.cam.ac.uk/research）。
“supposition”是一個名詞，表示基于有限證據或未經證實的猜測或假設。其核心含義是對某事的暫時性推斷，通常帶有不确定性，需要後續驗證。
源自拉丁語 suppositio（置于下方），由 sub-（在...之下）和 ponere（放置）構成，後經古法語進入英語，詞義逐漸演變為“假設”。
| 詞彙 | 關鍵區别 |
|---|---|
| assumption | 更強調“未經質疑的默認接受” |
| hypothesis | 特指科學中可驗證的假設 |
| presumption | 隱含“缺乏依據的武斷推測” |
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