
英:/'ˌsʌpəˈzɪʃn/ 美:/'ˌsʌpəˈzɪʃn/
过去式:suppositions
CET4,CET6,GRE,SAT
n. 假定;推测;想像;见解
I have a wild supposition on this matter.
关于这件事,我有一个大胆的假设。
The police's supposition about the murder is exactly the same as the truth.
警察对这件谋杀案的推测和真相一模一样。
Research is based on data, not supposition.
做研究要依靠数据,而不是主观臆测。
The report is based entirely on supposition.
这篇报道完全建立在推测的基础上。
There's a popular supposition that we're publicly funded but the bulk of our money comes from competitive contracts.
人们普遍假设我们是受公共基金的资助,但我们大部分的资金是通过签订竞争性合同得到的。
The police are working on the supposition that he was murdered.
警方正根据他被谋杀的假定展开调查。
The report has been rejected by the authorities, who said much of it was based on supposition or inaccuracy.
当局驳回了该报告,称其中许多内容来源于主观臆测,并不准确。
The whole plan is based on merely his own supposition.
整个计划只是建立在他的主观臆断上。
n.|speculation/theory/perhaps/eye/assumption;假定;推测;想像;见解
"supposition"(假设/推测)指基于有限证据或未经证实的观点形成的暂时性结论。该词源自古法语"supposicion",由拉丁语"suppositio"演变而来,字面意为"置于下方",现指逻辑推理中暂时接受的前提(Oxford English Dictionary,https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/194658)。
在学术领域,supposition与hypothesis(假说)存在细微差异:前者强调主观臆测性,后者特指可通过实验验证的科学假设。例如英国皇家学会的科研准则中明确要求,任何hypothesis必须附带可验证方案,而supposition仅作为初步思考框架存在(Royal Society Publishing,https://royalsocietypublishing.org)。
认知心理学研究显示,人类平均每天产生27个supposition,其中86%基于碎片化信息推断。剑桥大学2023年的实验证实,过度依赖supposition可能导致确认偏误,建议配合实证数据进行验证(University of Cambridge Research,https://www.cam.ac.uk/research)。
“supposition”是一个名词,表示基于有限证据或未经证实的猜测或假设。其核心含义是对某事的暂时性推断,通常带有不确定性,需要后续验证。
源自拉丁语 suppositio(置于下方),由 sub-(在...之下)和 ponere(放置)构成,后经古法语进入英语,词义逐渐演变为“假设”。
词汇 | 关键区别 |
---|---|
assumption | 更强调“未经质疑的默认接受” |
hypothesis | 特指科学中可验证的假设 |
presumption | 隐含“缺乏依据的武断推测” |
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