
美:/'sʌtʃ æz/
比如
比如;諸如
That money is to cover costs such as travel and accommodation.
這筆錢是用來支付諸如旅行和住宿等費用的
Cities such as Tokyo are spreading out.
像東京這樣的城市正在擴展。
Some houses still lack basic amenities such as bathrooms.
有些住宅仍沒有像衛生間這樣的基本設施。
It protects against environmental hazards such as wind and sun.
它防範諸如狂風和烈日等環境危害。
Priority cases, such as homeless families, get dealt with first.
優先事項,比如無住房家庭的問題,得到優先處理。
Organizations such as schools and clubs bind a community together.
諸如學校、俱樂部等機構使社區成為一個整體。
“such as”是英語中常用的舉例短語,用于引出具體例子以說明或補充前面的名詞或概念。其核心用法和語義分析如下:
基本定義與語法作用
“such as”在句子中作連詞使用,表示“例如”“諸如”,用于列舉同類事物中的典型代表。例如:Animalssuch as pandas and tigers are endangered.(像熊貓、老虎等動物瀕臨滅絕)。這裡的“such as”引導同位語,具體化“animals”的範疇。
與“for example”的差異
兩者均可表舉例,但“such as”直接連接例子且不單獨成句,如:Fruitssuch as apples are healthy.(如蘋果等水果是健康的);而“for example”常以插入語形式出現,需用逗號分隔,如:Some fruits,for example, apples, are healthy.(某些水果,例如蘋果,是健康的)。
使用規範與常見錯誤
在學術寫作中,“such as”可增強例證的可信度。例如:Climate change impactssuch as rising sea levels require urgent action.(氣候變化影響如海平面上升需緊急應對)。建議優先選擇權威文獻中的案例作為引用來源。
參考來源:
釋義:
詞性與結構:
發音:
(1)核心用法
舉例說明:
Wild flowerssuch as orchids and primroses are becoming rare.
(蘭花和報春花等野生花卉正變得越來越稀少。)
- 此時 "such as" 可替換為 "like",但需注意語境中例子的代表性。
引導定語從句:
I'll give yousuch informationas I have.
(我會把我掌握的所有信息都告訴你。)
- 此結構中,"as" 作為關系代詞,在從句中可作主語或賓語,且不能用 "that/which" 替代。
(2)常見錯誤
(1)vs. "for example"
|區别點 |such as |for example |
|--------------------|---------------------------------------|--------------------------------------|
|舉例範圍 | 列舉多個同類事物(不可窮盡) | 列舉單個典型例子 |
|語法位置 | 緊跟被修飾名詞後,無逗號分隔 | 可獨立使用,常用逗號分隔 |
|縮寫形式 | 無 | 可縮寫為 "e.g." |
|例句 | He likes fruitssuch as apples. | Many languages,for example, Chinese, are tonal.
(2)vs. "like"
A writerlike Shakespeare(泛指同類作家) vs. Writerssuch as Shakespeare(特指莎士比亞及其風格)
(1)特殊結構
Don't readsuch poemsas you can't understand.
(不要讀你無法理解的詩歌。)
- 此處 "such" 修飾名詞,"as" 引導定語從句,強調符合特定條件的例子。
(2)文化聯想
日常生活:
She has certain definite beauties,such as her eyes.
(她确有幾分姿色,比如她的眼睛。)
科技場景:
Players use a haptic devicesuch as a joystick to control the game.
(玩家用遊戲杆等觸覺設備操控遊戲。)
學術寫作:
Archaic practicessuch as these are usually put forward by people of limited outlook.
(這類陳腐做法通常由視野狹隘的人提出。)
通過以上解析,可全面掌握 "such as" 的語義規則、語法限制及文化語境。如需進一步了解其近義表達(如 "namely")或反義結構(如 "unlike"),可參考相關搜索内容。
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