
分層隨機抽樣
The authors take the students of Gansu Lianhe University as objects of study, using stratified random sampling method taking samples of 1000.
作者以甘肅聯合大學學生為研究對象,采用分層隨機抽樣法抽取樣本1000名進行調查。
Though stratified random sampling method is adopted for the arterial and collector functional systems, there is a good potential to improve it.
盡管分層隨機抽樣的方法已經在幹線和一般的集散系統得到利用,它仍有很大的發展空間。
Method Some food processing employees were selected according to stratified random sampling method, and filled in a unified questionnaire anonymously.
方法按照分層隨機抽樣原則隨機抽取部分食品從業人員,匿名獨自填寫統一的調查問卷。
Methods By multi-stage stratified random sampling method, 20 087 people were selected from 40 administrative villages of 8 counties.
采用多階段分層隨機抽樣方法抽取了山東省8個縣,40個行政村共20 087人。
Methods: The self-designed questionnaires were used to anonymously investigate on 179 students in 19 academies of the university who were selected by stratified random sampling.
方法:運用筆者自行編制的問卷,采取分層隨機抽樣的方法對山西師範大學19個專業的179名大學生進行匿名調查。
Methods General investigation was adopted to understand the water supply situation in rural areas and stratified random sampling was used to monitor the water quality.
方法按照相關調查表要求,對農村供水情況進行普查,供水水質采用分層隨機抽樣的方法進行監測。
Methods A total of 310 teachers from 4 middle schools in Huaibei City were selected with stratified random sampling to undergo a survey with teacher job burnout questionnaire(MBI-ES).
方法采用分層隨機抽樣方法,抽取安徽省淮北市4所中學的310名教師,采用教師職業倦怠量表(MBI-ES)進行調查。
DESIGN: A clusting stratified random sampling survey.
設計:隨機、分層、整群抽樣調查。
Methods 3034 children between 0 to 6 years in three Gorges reservoir were selected by stratified random sampling method.
方法以分層整群隨機抽樣的方法選取三峽庫區0~6歲兒童3034例,采用骨源性堿性磷酸酶(BALP)測定。
METHOD Using stratified random sampling method.
方法采用分層隨機抽樣方法。
Multistage stratified random sampling was conducted an interview survey in status of illness for children under 2 years old.
采用多階段分層隨機抽樣法對2歲以下兒童進行疾病狀況詢問調查。
Methods:Totally 1000 nurses were investigated with a self designed questionnaire using stratified random sampling.
方法:采用分層隨機抽樣的方法,自行設計問卷,對1000名臨床護理人員進行調查。
The fourth part is an investigation on the state-of-art of the information-literacy education in the Higher Teacher Education Institutions in Chongqing by adopting stratified random sampling.
第四部分運用分層隨機抽樣的方法,對重慶市高師院校學生的信息素養現狀進行了調查。
Research mainly use the way of questionnaire survey, it conducted a stratified random sampling from undergraduate students of some independent college;
研讨以問卷調查為主的方式,對某獨立學院在校大學生入行了隨機分層取樣調查;
Methods:1 054 floating married women(FMW)were selected by stratified random sampling and the data was analyzed by SPSS11.0.
方法:采用分層隨機抽樣的方法抽取1054名流動已婚婦女作為研究對象,利用SPSS11.0軟件對資料進行分析。
The paper introduces multiple imputation(MI) for missing data in stratified random sampling, and discusses the ordinary method of MI with ignorable nonresponse, and illustrates the essential steps.
介紹分層隨機抽樣條件下多重插補法處理缺失數據的基本思想,分析可忽略無回答的分層隨機抽樣建立多重插補的常用方法,并通過實例加以說明。
The paper proposes new separate ratio estimators for population mean using known skewness coefficient of auxiliary variable in stratified random sampling.
本文在分層隨機抽樣下通過使用輔助變量的偏斜系數提出了幾個總體均值的估計。
Methods Totally 41 350 children of Korean, Mongolian, Li, Miao, Puyi, Tung and Tibetan were investigated with stratified random sampling.
方法在*********、蒙古族、黎族、苗族、布衣族、侗族和藏族的聚集村分層隨機抽樣調查41350人。
Methods With stratified random sampling 100 from 1000 township health centers finished their buildings projects, to evaluate their buildings and use.
方法:采用分層隨機抽樣方法,從河南省1 000個鄉鎮衛生院建設項目單位中抽取100個為樣本,對其土建情況作評價。
MethodUsing stratified random sampling method, to analyze the socioeconomic characteristics, family status, the prevalence of two weeks, the treatment of two weeks of the survey population with SPSS.
方法采用分層隨機抽樣的方法抽取樣本,利用SPSS軟件對調查人口的社會經濟學特征、家庭狀況、兩周患病情況,兩周就診情況等進行分析。
Methods 4305students were selected by stratified random sampling, and a questionaire survey of TB knowledge was made.
方法采取分層隨機抽樣的方法在深圳各區學校抽取4305位學生進行問卷調查。
We randomly selected 806 children under 6 years of age from 45 primary anganwadi (childcare) centres in Chandigarh, Punjab, India, that were chosen through multistage stratified random sampling.
在印度旁遮普省昌迪加爾的45所托兒所(anganwadi)中心采用多級分層隨機取樣法選擇了806名6歲以下兒童。
Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted with stratified random sampling among 1689 people in 2 counties.
方法采用分層隨機抽樣,對兩縣16 89人進行問卷調查。
Methods:The investigation on the quality of observation was applied stratified random sampling method and condensed SF-36 scale.
方法:采用分層隨機抽樣的方法,用簡明SF-36健康量表對研究對象的生活質量進行調查。
分層隨機抽樣(Stratified Random Sampling)是一種概率抽樣方法,旨在提高樣本的代表性和估計的精确度。其核心思想是:
分層(Stratification):将研究總體(Population)根據與研究目标相關的某個重要特征(稱為分層變量,如年齡、性别、收入水平、教育程度、地區等)劃分為若幹個互斥且窮盡的子總體,這些子總體稱為“層”(Strata)。每個層内部的個體在分層變量上具有較高的同質性(相似性),而不同層之間則具有異質性(差異性)。例如,在研究全國消費者行為時,可按地理區域(如東部、中部、西部)或收入等級(高、中、低)分層。
隨機抽樣(Random Sampling):在劃分好層之後,獨立地從每一個層中采用簡單隨機抽樣(Simple Random Sampling)或系統抽樣(Systematic Sampling)等方法抽取預定數量的樣本單元。每個層抽取的樣本量可以相等(比例分配),也可以根據層的大小(層内個體數量占總體的比例)或層内變異程度(層内方差)進行不等比例分配(最優分配)。
主要目的與優勢:
步驟簡述:
舉例: 假設要調查某大學學生平均每周學習時間。已知不同年級(大一、大二、大三、大四)的學習模式可能有顯著差異(分層變量)。總體有 10000 名學生,其中大一 3000 人,大二 2500 人,大三 2500 人,大四 2000 人。計劃抽取總樣本量 1000 人。
與整群抽樣的區别: 分層抽樣強調層間的異質性和層内的同質性,目的是在樣本中包含所有重要的子群體。而整群抽樣(Cluster Sampling)則是将總體劃分為若幹群(Cluster),群内具有異質性(類似于一個小總體),群間具有同質性,抽取時是隨機抽取若幹個群,然後對中選群内的所有或部分單元進行調查,目的是降低調查成本(如地理集中)。
權威參考來源:
stratified random sampling(分層隨機抽樣)是一種統計學中的抽樣方法,適用于總體内部存在明顯不同子群體(即“層”)的情況。以下是詳細解釋:
将總體劃分為若幹個互不重疊的“層”(strata),每層内部具有相似特征(如年齡、性别、收入等),然後從每一層中獨立進行隨機抽樣,最終組合成總樣本。目标是确保每個子群體在樣本中都有代表性。
若研究某國家居民收入,可先按城鄉分層(城市和農村),再分别在每層中隨機抽樣。這能避免城市樣本過多而農村樣本不足的問題。
常用于人口調查、市場細分研究、醫學試驗等領域,尤其當總體存在顯著異質性時。
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