
分层随机抽样
The authors take the students of Gansu Lianhe University as objects of study, using stratified random sampling method taking samples of 1000.
作者以甘肃联合大学学生为研究对象,采用分层随机抽样法抽取样本1000名进行调查。
Though stratified random sampling method is adopted for the arterial and collector functional systems, there is a good potential to improve it.
尽管分层随机抽样的方法已经在干线和一般的集散系统得到利用,它仍有很大的发展空间。
Method Some food processing employees were selected according to stratified random sampling method, and filled in a unified questionnaire anonymously.
方法按照分层随机抽样原则随机抽取部分食品从业人员,匿名独自填写统一的调查问卷。
Methods By multi-stage stratified random sampling method, 20 087 people were selected from 40 administrative villages of 8 counties.
采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取了山东省8个县,40个行政村共20 087人。
Methods: The self-designed questionnaires were used to anonymously investigate on 179 students in 19 academies of the university who were selected by stratified random sampling.
方法:运用笔者自行编制的问卷,采取分层随机抽样的方法对山西师范大学19个专业的179名大学生进行匿名调查。
Methods General investigation was adopted to understand the water supply situation in rural areas and stratified random sampling was used to monitor the water quality.
方法按照相关调查表要求,对农村供水情况进行普查,供水水质采用分层随机抽样的方法进行监测。
Methods A total of 310 teachers from 4 middle schools in Huaibei City were selected with stratified random sampling to undergo a survey with teacher job burnout questionnaire(MBI-ES).
方法采用分层随机抽样方法,抽取安徽省淮北市4所中学的310名教师,采用教师职业倦怠量表(MBI-ES)进行调查。
DESIGN: A clusting stratified random sampling survey.
设计:随机、分层、整群抽样调查。
Methods 3034 children between 0 to 6 years in three Gorges reservoir were selected by stratified random sampling method.
方法以分层整群随机抽样的方法选取三峡库区0~6岁儿童3034例,采用骨源性碱性磷酸酶(BALP)测定。
METHOD Using stratified random sampling method.
方法采用分层随机抽样方法。
Multistage stratified random sampling was conducted an interview survey in status of illness for children under 2 years old.
采用多阶段分层随机抽样法对2岁以下儿童进行疾病状况询问调查。
Methods:Totally 1000 nurses were investigated with a self designed questionnaire using stratified random sampling.
方法:采用分层随机抽样的方法,自行设计问卷,对1000名临床护理人员进行调查。
The fourth part is an investigation on the state-of-art of the information-literacy education in the Higher Teacher Education Institutions in Chongqing by adopting stratified random sampling.
第四部分运用分层随机抽样的方法,对重庆市高师院校学生的信息素养现状进行了调查。
Research mainly use the way of questionnaire survey, it conducted a stratified random sampling from undergraduate students of some independent college;
研讨以问卷调查为主的方式,对某独立学院在校大学生入行了随机分层取样调查;
Methods:1 054 floating married women(FMW)were selected by stratified random sampling and the data was analyzed by SPSS11.0.
方法:采用分层随机抽样的方法抽取1054名流动已婚妇女作为研究对象,利用SPSS11.0软件对资料进行分析。
The paper introduces multiple imputation(MI) for missing data in stratified random sampling, and discusses the ordinary method of MI with ignorable nonresponse, and illustrates the essential steps.
介绍分层随机抽样条件下多重插补法处理缺失数据的基本思想,分析可忽略无回答的分层随机抽样建立多重插补的常用方法,并通过实例加以说明。
The paper proposes new separate ratio estimators for population mean using known skewness coefficient of auxiliary variable in stratified random sampling.
本文在分层随机抽样下通过使用辅助变量的偏斜系数提出了几个总体均值的估计。
Methods Totally 41 350 children of Korean, Mongolian, Li, Miao, Puyi, Tung and Tibetan were investigated with stratified random sampling.
方法在*********、蒙古族、黎族、苗族、布衣族、侗族和藏族的聚集村分层随机抽样调查41350人。
Methods With stratified random sampling 100 from 1000 township health centers finished their buildings projects, to evaluate their buildings and use.
方法:采用分层随机抽样方法,从河南省1 000个乡镇卫生院建设项目单位中抽取100个为样本,对其土建情况作评价。
MethodUsing stratified random sampling method, to analyze the socioeconomic characteristics, family status, the prevalence of two weeks, the treatment of two weeks of the survey population with SPSS.
方法采用分层随机抽样的方法抽取样本,利用SPSS软件对调查人口的社会经济学特征、家庭状况、两周患病情况,两周就诊情况等进行分析。
Methods 4305students were selected by stratified random sampling, and a questionaire survey of TB knowledge was made.
方法采取分层随机抽样的方法在深圳各区学校抽取4305位学生进行问卷调查。
We randomly selected 806 children under 6 years of age from 45 primary anganwadi (childcare) centres in Chandigarh, Punjab, India, that were chosen through multistage stratified random sampling.
在印度旁遮普省昌迪加尔的45所托儿所(anganwadi)中心采用多级分层随机取样法选择了806名6岁以下儿童。
Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted with stratified random sampling among 1689 people in 2 counties.
方法采用分层随机抽样,对两县16 89人进行问卷调查。
Methods:The investigation on the quality of observation was applied stratified random sampling method and condensed SF-36 scale.
方法:采用分层随机抽样的方法,用简明SF-36健康量表对研究对象的生活质量进行调查。
分层随机抽样(Stratified Random Sampling)是一种概率抽样方法,旨在提高样本的代表性和估计的精确度。其核心思想是:
分层(Stratification):将研究总体(Population)根据与研究目标相关的某个重要特征(称为分层变量,如年龄、性别、收入水平、教育程度、地区等)划分为若干个互斥且穷尽的子总体,这些子总体称为“层”(Strata)。每个层内部的个体在分层变量上具有较高的同质性(相似性),而不同层之间则具有异质性(差异性)。例如,在研究全国消费者行为时,可按地理区域(如东部、中部、西部)或收入等级(高、中、低)分层。
随机抽样(Random Sampling):在划分好层之后,独立地从每一个层中采用简单随机抽样(Simple Random Sampling)或系统抽样(Systematic Sampling)等方法抽取预定数量的样本单元。每个层抽取的样本量可以相等(比例分配),也可以根据层的大小(层内个体数量占总体的比例)或层内变异程度(层内方差)进行不等比例分配(最优分配)。
主要目的与优势:
步骤简述:
举例: 假设要调查某大学学生平均每周学习时间。已知不同年级(大一、大二、大三、大四)的学习模式可能有显著差异(分层变量)。总体有 10000 名学生,其中大一 3000 人,大二 2500 人,大三 2500 人,大四 2000 人。计划抽取总样本量 1000 人。
与整群抽样的区别: 分层抽样强调层间的异质性和层内的同质性,目的是在样本中包含所有重要的子群体。而整群抽样(Cluster Sampling)则是将总体划分为若干群(Cluster),群内具有异质性(类似于一个小总体),群间具有同质性,抽取时是随机抽取若干个群,然后对中选群内的所有或部分单元进行调查,目的是降低调查成本(如地理集中)。
权威参考来源:
stratified random sampling(分层随机抽样)是一种统计学中的抽样方法,适用于总体内部存在明显不同子群体(即“层”)的情况。以下是详细解释:
将总体划分为若干个互不重叠的“层”(strata),每层内部具有相似特征(如年龄、性别、收入等),然后从每一层中独立进行随机抽样,最终组合成总样本。目标是确保每个子群体在样本中都有代表性。
若研究某国家居民收入,可先按城乡分层(城市和农村),再分别在每层中随机抽样。这能避免城市样本过多而农村样本不足的问题。
常用于人口调查、市场细分研究、医学试验等领域,尤其当总体存在显著异质性时。
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