
直到…才
Not until they pointed out my fault to me did I realize it .
直到他們指出了我的錯誤,我才意識到。
Not until he went through real hardship did he realize the love we have for our families is important.
直到經曆了真正的苦難後,他才意識到我們對家人的愛是重要的。
Not until recently did they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
直到最近,他們才鼓勵在農村地區開展與旅遊相關的活動。
Not until 1983 did another Englishman, Bryan Robson, captain the side to FA Cup success as he did in 1909.
直到1983年才有另外一個英國人,布萊恩·羅賓遜,重現了他1909年的輝煌,再次舉起了足總杯。
It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan.
直到接近信的結尾處,她才提到自己的計劃。
"not until"是英語中常用的否定時間狀語結構,其核心含義表示某個動作或狀态直到特定時間點後才發生。該表達通過否定前置和時态配合傳遞強調含義,以下是基于權威語言資料的詳細解析:
該結構由否定詞"not"和時間連詞"until"組成,表示主句動作的起始時間與從句時間點完全重合。根據《牛津高階英語詞典》的解釋,其本質是"強調動作發生的延遲性",例如:
The baby didn't stop crying until the mother returned.
(直到母親回來,嬰兒才停止哭泣)
主從句時态配合
主句通常使用否定式過去時,從句使用肯定式過去時,如《劍橋英語語法》指出的:"主句動作實際發生在時間狀語所指時刻之後"。例如:
They didn't realize the danger until the storm hit.
(直到暴風雨來襲,他們才意識到危險)
倒裝句式
當"not until"置于句首時需用倒裝結構,如《朗文英語語法大全》所述:"強調時間狀語時需使用助動詞前置"。例如:
Not until 1997 did Hong Kong return to China.
(直到1997年香港才回歸中國)
根據EnglishClub語言學習平台的語用學研究,該結構主要實現三種功能:
雙重否定錯誤
不可在從句中使用否定詞,如錯誤表達:
× She didn't leave until he didn't arrive.
時态混用
主從句時态需保持邏輯一緻,如錯誤表達:
× The movie won't start until the director arrived.
"not until" 是英語中一個強調時間或條件限制的常用結構,主要用于表達某個動作或狀态在特定時間/事件之後才發生或成立。以下是詳細解析:
表示「直到……才……」,強調在某個時間點或事件發生前,主句動作未發生,且該動作在時間點/事件後首次實現。
例:
She didn't realize her mistake until the teacher pointed it out.
(直到老師指出,她才意識到自己的錯誤。)
基本句型
主句(否定) + until + 時間/事件
倒裝句(強調結構)
當句子以Not until 開頭時,主句需用部分倒裝(助動詞提前)。
例:
Not until she apologized did he forgive her.
(直到她道歉,他才原諒她。)
It was not until... that...
強調句型,突出時間或事件的關鍵性。
例:
It was not until 2020 that the vaccine was developed.
(直到2020年,疫苗才被研發出來。)
可用only after 或when... finally 替換,但語氣稍弱:
Only after the sun rose did the hikers continue their journey.
(等同于 Not until the sun rose did the hikers continue...)
通過結合語境和語法規則,可以更準确地運用這一結構。
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