分布式計算；分散式運算
Distributed computing programming models have been mainstream in the IT industry for some time.
分布式計算編程模型在 IT 産業内成為主流已經有些時日了。
With the popularization of distributed computing, as the key technology for resolving the problem of distributed isomerism, middleware is developed rapidly.
隨着分布式計算的普及，中間件作為解決分布式異構問題的關鍵技術，得到了飛速發展。
Grid is a new integration and sharing of resources to achieve the high-performance distributed computing platform.
網格是一種新的為實現資源整合和共享的高性能分布式計算平台。
Besides, distributed computing system still possesses the merits of expansibility and flexibility of the architecture.
此外，分布式計算還具有良好的可擴展性和體系結構靈活等優點。
It is an evolution of distributed computing and modular programming.
它是分布式計算和模塊化編程的發展。
Our method is particularly suited to distributed computing.
我們的方法特别適合分布式計算。
Instead, I see it as a new open solution that addresses the same distributed computing issue that CORBA addressed with the further objective of improving on some of CORBA's shortcomings.
我把它看作是一個全新的開放的解決方案，它解決了CORBA 所解決的相同的分布式計算問題，同時又有更進一步的目标，那就是改進CORBA的一些缺陷。
By combining distributed computing resources into a single system image, grid computing creates a virtual computer from which users can access data and resources as required.
通過将分布式計算資源組合到單一的系統“圖像”中，網格計算生成了可以使用戶訪問所需數據和資源的虛拟機算計。
The EJB specification was designed to solve complex problems, such as distributed computing, transaction management, and data persistence.
EJB規範旨在解決一些複雜問題，比如分布式計算、事務管理和數據持久性。
Stored procedures were invented to deal with problems of distributed computing.
存儲過程是為了解決分布式計算的問題而發明的。
As the development of computer networks, there is a need to use distributed computing technology to share the resources, equilibrate computing load and place the programs where is appropriate.
隨着計算機網絡的發展，越來越多地需要使用分布式計算技術來共享資源、平衡計算負載以及合理安排程式的位置。
There are a variety of models for messaging in a distributed computing environment.
在分布式計算環境中，有各種用于消息傳遞的模型。
The Object-oriented concepts and method has been used in the research of distributed computing systems widely.
面向對象的概念和方法，在分布式計算系統的研究中得到了廣泛的應用。
Grid is a new kind of distributed computing technology, which stresses that the entities should share the resources and cooperate in the form of virtual organization.
網格是一種新型的分布式計算技術，它強調各個實體以虛拟組織的形式共享資源和協同工作。
Its focus is on providing secure distributed computing, and it also provides interesting constructs for asynchronous programming.
它強調提供安全的分布式計算，它還為異步編程提供了一些有趣的概念。
Computing technology has transitioned from mainframes to PCs and the client/server model, and has now progressed to truly distributed computing.
計算技術已經從大型機轉變到PC及客戶機/服務器模式，現在已經發展到真正的分布式計算。
In this distributed computing environment, illustrated in Figure 2, each JVM has at least one object manager.
在這種分布式計算環境中（見圖2），每個JVM至少有一個對象管理器。
How to build new distributed computing environment to adapt to new ways of process and application model, which has drawn more and more experts' attention.
如何建立新的分布式計算環境，以適應新的處理方式和應用模式，已越來越引起專家們的關注。
For many organizations, the answer lies in the latest evolution of the distributed computing and component-based development paradigm: a service-oriented architecture (SOA).
對于許多組織來說，答案依賴于分布式計算和基于組件開發範例的最新進展：面向服務的體系結構（SOA）。
Small and medium-sized businesses, meanwhile, could save electricity by switching to distributed computing, rather than running their own servers.
與此同時，中小企業也能通過不使用自己的伺服器，轉而利用分布式計算來省電。
Services computing is a new paradigm of distributed computing.
服務計算是一種新的分布式計算模式。
分布式計算（Distributed Computing）是一種通過多台互聯的計算機協同處理任務的系統設計模式。其核心在于将複雜任務分解為多個子任務，由網絡中的不同節點并行執行，最終整合結果。這種模式通過資源共享和負載均衡提升效率，同時具備容錯能力。
并行處理與任務分解
分布式系統将大規模計算任務（如基因組分析或氣候模拟）分割成小單元，分配給多台設備同時處理。例如SETI@home項目利用全球志願者的計算機資源分析射電望遠鏡數據。
去中心化架構
系統不依賴單一控制節點，而是通過共識算法（如Raft協議）或分布式哈希表（DHT）實現節點間的協調，典型應用包括區塊鍊網絡和Apache Hadoop框架。
容錯與可靠性
通過冗餘存儲和心跳檢測機制，系統能在部分節點故障時繼續運行。Google的MapReduce模型即采用數據副本和任務重啟策略保障穩定性。
該技術概念由計算機科學家Leslie Lamport在20世紀70年代的形式化研究奠定基礎，相關理論在《IEEE并行與分布式系統彙刊》中有系統性論述。
分布式計算（Distributed Computing）是一種計算機系統設計模式，其核心思想是将一個複雜的任務分解為多個子任務，并通過網絡連接的多個獨立計算機（節點）協同完成。這些節點可以是物理設備（如服務器、個人電腦）或虛拟機，它們通過消息傳遞或共享存儲進行通信和協調。
該技術正推動着邊緣計算、物聯網等新興領域的發展，其數學基礎常涉及分布式算法設計，例如拜占庭容錯問題的解決方案可表示為： $$ begin{cases} n geq 3f + 1 text{其中：} n = text{總節點數} f = text{最大容錯節點數} end{cases} $$
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