美:/'sefəloʊsˈpɔːrɪnz/
n. [藥] 頭孢菌素；先鋒黴素族抗菌素（cephalosporins複數）
Results: From high to low, the use frequency of anti-infection drugs was antivirus, cephalosporins, and penicillins.
結果：各類抗感染藥物使用頻度由高到低依次為抗病毒類、頭孢菌素類、青黴素類。
The in vitro antibacterial activity of 15 cephalosporins and 3 penicillins against 329 strains of clinical isolates was compared by microdilution method.
本文采用微量稀釋法比較15種頭孢菌素和3種青黴素對329株細菌的體外抗菌活性。
The control group selected antibiotic based on clinical examination results, such as erythromycin, cephalosporins and other anti-infective treatment comparison.
對照組根據臨床檢查結果選取相應的抗生素，如紅黴素、頭孢菌素等抗感染治療。
Benemid is recommended for the treatment of gout and gouty arthritis, and to increase and prolong the plasma concentration of penicillins and cephalosporins during anti- infective therapy.
丙磺舒被推薦用于治療痛風及痛風關節炎，及在強化抗感染治療時增加并延長青黴素類及頭孢菌素類的血漿濃度。
OBJECTIVE:To discuss the intradermal test of cephalosporins and to provide pharmaceutical services for clinicians.
前言： 目的探讨有關頭孢菌素皮試的問題，為臨床提供參考。
Antibody combining sites in an antigenic determinant of cephalosporins were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), hapten inhibition and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA).
通過ELISA試驗、半抗原抑制試驗和PCA試驗，對頭孢菌素抗原決定簇中抗體結合位點進行分析。
There were linearity for each of cephalosporins.
并且每一種頭孢菌素都有良好的線性。
The capability of the handheld Raman spectrometer was investigated for the identification of principal constituent of some cephalosporins.
考察便攜式拉曼光譜儀對部分頭孢菌素類藥品主成分的識别能力。
Benemid is recommended for the treatmemt of gout and gouty arthritis, and to increase and prolong the plasma concentration of penicillins and cephalosporins during anti-infective therapy.
丙磺舒被推薦用于治療痛風及痛風關節炎，及在強化抗感染治療時增加并延長青黴素類及頭孢菌素類的血漿濃度。
The high molecular weight impurities in cephalosporins are the sensibilisinogen causing tacho-anaphylactic reaction and the emphasis in pharmaceutical analytical stu***s.
頭孢菌素類抗生素中的高分子雜質是引發速發型過敏反應的過敏原，是藥物分析研究的重點。
Objective:To delineate the characteristics and regularities of allergic shock induced by cephalosporins so as to prevent its recurrence and promote the rational use of drugs.
目的：探讨頭孢菌素類抗生素緻過敏性休克的特點和規律，以預防或避免其重複發生，促進臨床合理用藥。
Methods:310 cases of reports of adverse reactions due to cephalosporins were retrospectively analyzed.
方法：對310例頭孢菌素類藥物不良反應進行回顧性調查。
In this paper, injection and controlled assembling methods are used to prepare liposomes of the third generational cephalosporins-ceftriaxone and cefotaxime.
使用注射法和可控組裝法制備了第三代頭孢菌素類抗生素頭孢曲松鈉及頭孢噻肟鈉脂質體。
The situation and change tendency of Cephalosporins used in our hospital was clarified in 2005, in order to provide reference for clinical rational drug use.
目的了解該院住院病人2005年頭孢菌素類抗生素的使用現狀，為臨床合理用藥提供依據。
Methods Massive dosage of Norfloxacin was compared with Cephalosporins and Penicillin in treating gonorrhea.
方法大劑量服用諾氟沙星膠囊與頭孢黴素、青黴素類療效比較；
Among the 88 cases of enterococcal infection in 2003,70 cases had been treated with cephalosporins (79%).
2003年腸球菌感染的88例病例中，應用頭孢菌素類抗生素者為70例，占79%。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate and analyze the supply situation of cephalosporins in 7 hospitals in Wuhan city.
目的：調查并分析武漢市7家醫院頭孢菌素類抗生素的供應情況。
Objective To investigate bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents in the back- ground of extensive employment of third-generation cephalosporins in the treatment of burn infection.
目的研究燒傷中心廣泛應用第三代頭孢菌素背景下細菌耐藥性。
RESULTS:The preparation of intradermal test solution of cephalosporins, the skin test method and the criteria in judgement were put forward for references of clinic.
結果提出頭孢菌素類藥物的皮試液配制和皮試方法以及判斷标準。
Objective: To study intradermal test of cephalosporins in order to provide pharmaceutical care for doctors.
前言：目的：研究頭孢菌素的皮試問題，為臨床醫師提供藥學服務。
CONCLUSION:Drug sensitivity test should be done before administration of cephalosporins so as to prevent drug allergy and ensure the safety of drug use.
結論在使用頭孢菌素類藥物前用拟用藥物本身進行皮試，可防止藥物過敏反應，确保其使用的安全性。
AMR has become a serious problem for treatment of gonorrhoea (caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae), involving even last-line oral cephalosporins, and is increasing in prevalence worldwide.
抗菌素耐藥性已成為淋病（由淋球菌引起）治療面臨的一個嚴重問題，甚至涉及“最後防線”的口服頭孢菌素，這種狀況在世界範圍内的流行日益加大。
Susceptibility to the second, third and fourth generation cephalosporins was relatively higher.
第二、第三、第四代頭孢的藥物敏感性逐漸升高；
Given the critical importance of the cephalosporin class of drugs to human medicine, we ask that you quickly reissue the prohibition on the extra-label use of cephalosporins in food producing animals.
由于頭孢菌素在人用藥品上非常重要，我們要求你盡快重新發布對食品生産的動物使用頭孢菌素的‘超出标籤用法’的禁令。
METHODS:Literature regarding the concentration of intradermal test solution of cephalosporins and the anaphylactic mechanism were reviewed.
方法查閱相關文獻，對頭孢菌素皮試液濃度及其過敏反應的機制進行探讨。
The results showed that the method is suitable for the determination of residues of Cephalosporins in pork.
大量的實驗結果表明，該方法適合于豬肉中頭孢類抗生素殘留的測定。
Methods: The cephalosporins used in the hospital from 2006 to 2008 were analyzed in respect of kinds, consumption sum, DDDs and DDDc.
方法：對2006～2008年我院頭孢菌素的品種、用藥金額、用藥頻度和限定日費用等進行統計分析。
頭孢菌素（cephalosporins）是一類β-内酰胺類抗生素，通過抑制細菌細胞壁合成發揮殺菌作用。這類藥物最初于1948年從意大利撒丁島海岸的污水樣本中分離出的頂頭孢黴菌（Cephalosporium acremonium）中發現，其化學結構核心為7-氨基頭孢烷酸（7-ACA）。
根據抗菌譜和研發時間，頭孢菌素分為五代：
臨床應用中，頭孢菌素廣泛用于治療肺炎、皮膚軟組織感染、尿路感染及手術預防感染。世界衛生組織基本藥物标準清單（2023版）将部分頭孢菌素列為必需藥物，強調其在中重度感染治療中的核心地位。使用需注意過敏反應風險，約10%對青黴素過敏者可能出現交叉過敏，需嚴格遵循《抗菌藥物臨床應用指導原則》進行皮試和劑量調整。
cephalosporins（頭孢菌素）是一類廣譜抗生素，屬于β-内酰胺類藥物，主要用于治療細菌感染。以下是詳細解釋：
定義與來源
cephalosporins源自真菌Cephalosporium，其化學結構與青黴素類似，但具有更廣泛的抗菌譜。單數形式為cephalosporin，複數形式cephalosporins通常指代整個藥物類别。
作用機制
通過抑制細菌細胞壁合成來殺滅細菌，尤其對革蘭氏陽性菌和部分革蘭氏陰性菌有效。
分類與代際
根據抗菌譜和開發時間分為五代：
臨床應用
常用于呼吸道、皮膚、尿路感染及手術預防感染。部分品種（如頭孢他啶）對銅綠假單胞菌有效。
注意事項
擴展補充：頭孢菌素C是天然原型，通過化學修飾衍生出多種半合成藥物，以增強穩定性和療效。如需更完整的藥物列表或適應症，可參考專業醫學數據庫。
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