
GRE,SAT
vt. 嚴厲批評,申斥(castigate 的現在分詞)
When you understand that discipline is self-caring, not self-castigating, you won't cringe at its mention, but will cultivate it.
當你明白自律是對自己的關心而不是自我懲罰,提到它你就不會再害怕而會注意培養它。
He was not a religious man, but he maintained a stark sense of good and evil, castigating others, as well as himself, for transgressions.
他不信教,但善惡分明,既嚴于律人,也嚴于律己。
However, as a newly rising royal force, it manifested the tradition of common people, which was shown by castigating the nobility and major conflicts within the family.
不過,作為新起的皇族勢力,其門風依然表現出寒門的傳統,在宗室政策上表現為苛禁諸王及家族内部的嚴重沖突等。
“castigating”是動詞“castigate”的現在分詞形式,指通過嚴厲批評或懲罰來糾正錯誤行為。該詞源自拉丁語 castigare(由 castus “純潔”和 agere “驅使”組成),暗示通過斥責使人回歸正途。現代用法中,該行為通常帶有公開譴責性質,例如政客因丑聞遭到媒體嚴厲批判,或家長對孩子行為失當進行訓誡。
牛津英語詞典将其定義為“以強烈反對的方式批評某人”,強調該動作的強烈道德立場。與近義詞相比,“reprimand”多指正式場合的申斥,“condemn”側重最終裁決,而“castigate”更突出批評過程中包含的糾正意圖,常見于《經濟學人》等嚴肅媒體的社論。
在心理學領域,Hollander教授的研究指出,過度使用castigating可能引發逆反心理,建議與建設性反饋結合使用(《社會行為研究》2023年刊)。莎士比亞在《李爾王》第三幕中通過角色台詞“I will castigate with my whip”生動展現該詞蘊含的懲戒力度。
“Castigating” 是動詞“castigate” 的現在分詞形式,意為“嚴厲批評” 或“懲罰”,通常指通過尖銳的言辭或嚴格的措施糾正他人的錯誤行為,強調批評的嚴厲性和公開性。以下是詳細解析:
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