[内科] *********疾病；冠心病
How do we understand the connection between frailty and cardiovascular disease?
我們如何理解乏力和*********疾病之間的聯繫？
This is one reason that cardiovascular disease is a major area of longevity research.
這也是*********疾病是壽命研究一個主要領域的原因之一。
We can then translate this information into estimates of the current diabetes and cardiovascular disease that can be attributed to the rise in consumption of these drinks.
然後我們可以将這些信息轉變成對當前糖尿病和冠心病的估計，而這些疾病是軟飲料消耗量的增加所導緻的。
These are used to measure the presence and development of cardiovascular disease.
這些物質被用來衡量*********疾病的存在和發展。
Cardiovascular disease is caused by disoiders of the heart and blood vessels .
*********病是由于心髒和血管的不規律而引起的。
But the new global study serves as yet another warning about the growing epidemic of untreated high cholesterol levels, which can cause cardiovascular disease.
但是，新的全球性研究作為又一對未經處理的高膽固醇水平日益流行，這可能會導緻*********疾病的警告。
But the authors warn that it is not without its risks, which include prostate cancer. And high ************ in women boosts the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
但作者警告說替代治療并非沒有風險，比如會發生前列腺癌。而女性睾酮水平升高會最近糖尿病和*********疾病的風險。
Leaders in the profession and the public agree that physicians must demonstrate their skill and knowledge in the evaluation and treatment of patients with cardiovascular disease.
領導人專業人士和公衆同意醫生必須證明他們的技能和知識的評估和治療的患者的*********疾病。
There are also stu***s among large populations that show cardiovascular disease and even death by using this product.
也有通過大樣本人口的研究顯示使用該産品可引起*********疾病甚至死亡。
Professor Yan : In this meeting there are several sessions about the prevention of cardiovascular disease, especially concerning the reduction of total cardiovascular risk.
嚴曉偉教授：本次會議中，有幾個論壇是有關*********疾病預防的，尤其是關于總體*********風險的降低。
But any type of change as far as decreasing risk of cardiovascular disease would be premature.
但是，就降低*********疾病的風險而言，任何類型的改變都還為時尚早。
Aspirin should, however, still be given for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in people with diabetes.
但在糖尿病人的*********疾病的二級預防中，仍然推薦使用阿司匹林。
Health experts say people who are overweight or obese run the risk of serious health issues -- cardiovascular disease, diabetes, arthritis and some cancers.
衛生專家說，過重或肥胖的人面臨嚴重疾病的風險，包括*********疾病、糖尿病、關節炎和某些癌症。
Cardiovascular disease refers to any disease that affects the heart and blood vessels, including stroke.
*********疾病是指任何影響心髒和血管的疾病，包括中風。
CAPD patients were compared with a control group without cardiovascular disease ascertainment that did not include subjects with diabetes.
與CAPD患者比較的對照組并不包括糖尿病，且沒有确定是否伴有*********疾病。
OBJECTIVE: To discuss the association between cardiovascular disease and exercise rehabilitation, and the applying principle of exercise rehabilitation.
目的：論述*********疾病與運動康複之間的關系及運動康複的適用原則。
The researchers recommended better weight, lipid, and blood pressure control in youth with diabetes to prevent or delay the development of cardiovascular disease as they grow up.
研究者推薦青少年糖尿病患者在成長過程中更好的控制體重、脂類和血壓來防止和延緩其在成長過程中*********疾病的進展。
Cardiovascular disease kills more than 17 million people every year and WHO says 80 percent of these deaths occur in developing countries.
*********疾病死亡超過17億人每年世衛組織說，這些死亡的百分之80發生在發展中國家。
Resveratrol has found been found in animal stu***s to prevent or slow progression of illnesses from cancer to cardiovascular disease -- and even to extend the life span of some organisms.
研究人員在動物試驗中發現，白藜蘆醇可以防止或放緩從癌症到*********疾病等一系列疾病的發展，甚至能延長一些生物體的壽命。
The results implied that low-grade albuminuria might be an early marker for the detection of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetic patients.
研究結果提示，低水平蛋白尿或許是檢測2型糖尿病患者*********疾病的一個早期标志物。
He was studying the connection between cardiovascular disease and extended use of the contraceptive pill.
他當時正在研究*********疾病與長期服用避孕藥之間的關系。
This connection was found to be independent of other risk factors for death and cardiovascular disease, including smoking, high cholesterol, poor ***t, high blood pressure and a large waistline.
研究發現，這種聯繫獨立于其它死亡風險因素和*********疾病（包括吸煙、高膽固醇、不良飲食習慣、高血壓和大腰圍）之外。
Background— Diet is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but it varies markedly in different regions of the world.
背景――飲食是*********疾病的一個主要可改變性危險因素，但在世界不同地區飲食變化很大。
Objective:Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals with type 1 diabetes.
目的：*********疾病是1型糖尿病患者出現并發症和死亡的主要原因。
Glucose and lipids metabolism plays an important role in the progress of both diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
葡萄糖和脂質代謝在糖尿病和*********疾病的進展中具有重要作用。
|coronary heart disease/coronary disease;[内科]*********疾病；冠心病
心血管疾病（Cardiovascular Disease, CVD）是指影響心髒和血管系統的一類疾病總稱，主要涉及心髒、動脈、靜脈和微血管的結構或功能異常。它是全球範圍内導緻死亡和殘疾的首要原因之一。
定義範圍
心血管疾病涵蓋所有循環系統疾病，核心病理基礎包括動脈粥樣硬化（動脈内脂質斑塊堆積）、血栓形成（血管内異常血凝塊）及血管功能障礙（如高血壓導緻的血管損傷）。其本質是血液循環系統供氧能力受損，引發器官缺血或出血性病變。
主要疾病類型
關鍵病理過程
動脈粥樣硬化是多數CVD的共同路徑：低密度脂蛋白（LDL）膽固醇滲入動脈内膜→氧化修飾→巨噬細胞吞噬形成泡沫細胞→平滑肌增殖→纖維斑塊進展→斑塊破裂觸發血栓。
可控風險因素
不可控因素
遺傳易感性、年齡（男性＞55歲，女性＞65歲風險顯著上升）、性别（男性更早發病）。
典型症狀
診斷金标準
世界衛生組織（WHO）
心血管疾病定義與全球流行病學數據：
美國心髒協會（AHA）
疾病分類與病理機制詳解：
https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/consumer-healthcare/what-is-cardiovascular-disease
《柳葉刀》心血管病專輯
最新治療指南與循證醫學研究：
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30543-2/fulltext
國家心血管病中心臨床指南
中國人群風險評估與幹預策略：
注：以上鍊接均為相關機構官方網站或權威期刊頁面，内容經專業醫學委員會審核，符合循證醫學标準。臨床決策需結合患者個體情況由執業醫師制定。
心血管疾病（Cardiovascular Disease, CVD）是一類涉及心髒和血管系統的疾病總稱，主要包括以下幾類：
冠心病（Coronary Artery Disease, CAD）
因冠狀動脈狹窄或阻塞導緻心肌缺血，常見症狀為胸痛（心絞痛）、氣短，嚴重時可引發心肌梗死。
高血壓（Hypertension）
長期血壓過高（≥140/90 mmHg）會損傷血管和心髒，是中風、心力衰竭的主要誘因。
中風（Stroke）
分為缺血性（腦血管阻塞）和出血性（腦血管破裂），表現為突發性肢體麻木、語言障礙或意識喪失。
心力衰竭（Heart Failure）
心髒泵血功能不足，導緻疲勞、呼吸困難和體液潴留。
外周動脈疾病（Peripheral Artery Disease, PAD）
四肢動脈狹窄，引發疼痛、潰瘍甚至組織壞死。
主要風險因素：
預防與治療：
心血管疾病是全球首要死因，世界衛生組織數據顯示每年約1790萬人因此死亡。早期篩查和健康管理可顯著降低發病風險。
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