[内科] *********疾病；冠心病
How do we understand the connection between frailty and cardiovascular disease?
我们如何理解乏力和*********疾病之间的联系？
This is one reason that cardiovascular disease is a major area of longevity research.
这也是*********疾病是寿命研究一个主要领域的原因之一。
We can then translate this information into estimates of the current diabetes and cardiovascular disease that can be attributed to the rise in consumption of these drinks.
然后我们可以将这些信息转变成对当前糖尿病和冠心病的估计，而这些疾病是软饮料消耗量的增加所导致的。
These are used to measure the presence and development of cardiovascular disease.
这些物质被用来衡量*********疾病的存在和发展。
Cardiovascular disease is caused by disoiders of the heart and blood vessels .
*********病是由于心脏和血管的不规律而引起的。
But the new global study serves as yet another warning about the growing epidemic of untreated high cholesterol levels, which can cause cardiovascular disease.
但是，新的全球性研究作为又一对未经处理的高胆固醇水平日益流行，这可能会导致*********疾病的警告。
But the authors warn that it is not without its risks, which include prostate cancer. And high ************ in women boosts the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
但作者警告说替代治疗并非没有风险，比如会发生前列腺癌。而女性睾酮水平升高会最近糖尿病和*********疾病的风险。
Leaders in the profession and the public agree that physicians must demonstrate their skill and knowledge in the evaluation and treatment of patients with cardiovascular disease.
领导人专业人士和公众同意医生必须证明他们的技能和知识的评估和治疗的患者的*********疾病。
There are also stu***s among large populations that show cardiovascular disease and even death by using this product.
也有通过大样本人口的研究显示使用该产品可引起*********疾病甚至死亡。
Professor Yan : In this meeting there are several sessions about the prevention of cardiovascular disease, especially concerning the reduction of total cardiovascular risk.
严晓伟教授：本次会议中，有几个论坛是有关*********疾病预防的，尤其是关于总体*********风险的降低。
But any type of change as far as decreasing risk of cardiovascular disease would be premature.
但是，就降低*********疾病的风险而言，任何类型的改变都还为时尚早。
Aspirin should, however, still be given for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in people with diabetes.
但在糖尿病人的*********疾病的二级预防中，仍然推荐使用阿司匹林。
Health experts say people who are overweight or obese run the risk of serious health issues -- cardiovascular disease, diabetes, arthritis and some cancers.
卫生专家说，过重或肥胖的人面临严重疾病的风险，包括*********疾病、糖尿病、关节炎和某些癌症。
Cardiovascular disease refers to any disease that affects the heart and blood vessels, including stroke.
*********疾病是指任何影响心脏和血管的疾病，包括中风。
CAPD patients were compared with a control group without cardiovascular disease ascertainment that did not include subjects with diabetes.
与CAPD患者比较的对照组并不包括糖尿病，且没有确定是否伴有*********疾病。
OBJECTIVE: To discuss the association between cardiovascular disease and exercise rehabilitation, and the applying principle of exercise rehabilitation.
目的：论述*********疾病与运动康复之间的关系及运动康复的适用原则。
The researchers recommended better weight, lipid, and blood pressure control in youth with diabetes to prevent or delay the development of cardiovascular disease as they grow up.
研究者推荐青少年糖尿病患者在成长过程中更好的控制体重、脂类和血压来防止和延缓其在成长过程中*********疾病的进展。
Cardiovascular disease kills more than 17 million people every year and WHO says 80 percent of these deaths occur in developing countries.
*********疾病死亡超过17亿人每年世卫组织说，这些死亡的百分之80发生在发展中国家。
Resveratrol has found been found in animal stu***s to prevent or slow progression of illnesses from cancer to cardiovascular disease -- and even to extend the life span of some organisms.
研究人员在动物试验中发现，白藜芦醇可以防止或放缓从癌症到*********疾病等一系列疾病的发展，甚至能延长一些生物体的寿命。
The results implied that low-grade albuminuria might be an early marker for the detection of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetic patients.
研究结果提示，低水平蛋白尿或许是检测2型糖尿病患者*********疾病的一个早期标志物。
He was studying the connection between cardiovascular disease and extended use of the contraceptive pill.
他当时正在研究*********疾病与长期服用避孕药之间的关系。
This connection was found to be independent of other risk factors for death and cardiovascular disease, including smoking, high cholesterol, poor ***t, high blood pressure and a large waistline.
研究发现，这种联系独立于其它死亡风险因素和*********疾病（包括吸烟、高胆固醇、不良饮食习惯、高血压和大腰围）之外。
Background— Diet is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but it varies markedly in different regions of the world.
背景――饮食是*********疾病的一个主要可改变性危险因素，但在世界不同地区饮食变化很大。
Objective:Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals with type 1 diabetes.
目的：*********疾病是1型糖尿病患者出现并发症和死亡的主要原因。
Glucose and lipids metabolism plays an important role in the progress of both diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
葡萄糖和脂质代谢在糖尿病和*********疾病的进展中具有重要作用。
|coronary heart disease/coronary disease;[内科]*********疾病；冠心病
心血管疾病（Cardiovascular Disease, CVD）是指影响心脏和血管系统的一类疾病总称，主要涉及心脏、动脉、静脉和微血管的结构或功能异常。它是全球范围内导致死亡和残疾的首要原因之一。
定义范围
心血管疾病涵盖所有循环系统疾病，核心病理基础包括动脉粥样硬化（动脉内脂质斑块堆积）、血栓形成（血管内异常血凝块）及血管功能障碍（如高血压导致的血管损伤）。其本质是血液循环系统供氧能力受损，引发器官缺血或出血性病变。
主要疾病类型
关键病理过程
动脉粥样硬化是多数CVD的共同路径：低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇渗入动脉内膜→氧化修饰→巨噬细胞吞噬形成泡沫细胞→平滑肌增殖→纤维斑块进展→斑块破裂触发血栓。
可控风险因素
不可控因素
遗传易感性、年龄（男性＞55岁，女性＞65岁风险显著上升）、性别（男性更早发病）。
典型症状
诊断金标准
世界卫生组织（WHO）
心血管疾病定义与全球流行病学数据：
美国心脏协会（AHA）
疾病分类与病理机制详解：
https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/consumer-healthcare/what-is-cardiovascular-disease
《柳叶刀》心血管病专辑
最新治疗指南与循证医学研究：
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30543-2/fulltext
国家心血管病中心临床指南
中国人群风险评估与干预策略：
注：以上链接均为相关机构官方网站或权威期刊页面，内容经专业医学委员会审核，符合循证医学标准。临床决策需结合患者个体情况由执业医师制定。
心血管疾病（Cardiovascular Disease, CVD）是一类涉及心脏和血管系统的疾病总称，主要包括以下几类：
冠心病（Coronary Artery Disease, CAD）
因冠状动脉狭窄或阻塞导致心肌缺血，常见症状为胸痛（心绞痛）、气短，严重时可引发心肌梗死。
高血压（Hypertension）
长期血压过高（≥140/90 mmHg）会损伤血管和心脏，是中风、心力衰竭的主要诱因。
中风（Stroke）
分为缺血性（脑血管阻塞）和出血性（脑血管破裂），表现为突发性肢体麻木、语言障碍或意识丧失。
心力衰竭（Heart Failure）
心脏泵血功能不足，导致疲劳、呼吸困难和体液潴留。
外周动脉疾病（Peripheral Artery Disease, PAD）
四肢动脉狭窄，引发疼痛、溃疡甚至组织坏死。
主要风险因素：
预防与治疗：
心血管疾病是全球首要死因，世界卫生组织数据显示每年约1790万人因此死亡。早期筛查和健康管理可显著降低发病风险。
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