月沙工具箱
现在位置:月沙工具箱 > 学习工具 > 汉英词典

热带肉芽肿英文解释翻译、热带肉芽肿的近义词、反义词、例句

英语翻译:

【医】 granuloma tropicum

分词翻译:

热带的英语翻译:

torrid zone; tropic
【医】 torrid zone

肉芽肿的英语翻译:

【医】 granulation tumor; granuloma

专业解析

热带肉芽肿(Tropical Granuloma),在医学领域更常被称为腹股沟肉芽肿(Granuloma Inguinale) 或杜诺凡病(Donovanosis),是一种由特定细菌引起的慢性、进行性细菌感染,主要累及生殖器、腹股沟和肛周区域的皮肤及黏膜。以下是从汉英词典角度并结合医学权威解释的详细说明:

1. 定义与病原体 (Definition & Pathogen)

* **汉义:** 热带肉芽肿指主要发生于热带和亚热带地区,由**克雷伯菌属的肉芽肿克雷伯菌(Klebsiella granulomatis)**(旧称肉芽肿鞘杆菌 *Calymmatobacterium granulomatis* 或杜诺凡菌 *Donovania granulomatis*)引起的慢性、溃疡性、肉芽肿性性传播疾病。其特征为生殖器、腹股沟或肛周区域缓慢进展的无痛性溃疡和肉芽肿组织增生。
* **英义:** Tropical Granuloma (Granuloma Inguinale, Donovanosis) is a chronic, progressive, ulcerative, granulomatous bacterial infection primarily occurring in tropical and subtropical regions. It is caused by *Klebsiella granulomatis* and is characterized by painless, progressive ulceration and granulomatous tissue proliferation in the genital, inguinal, or perianal areas. It is considered a sexually transmitted infection (STI).

2. 病理特征 (Pathological Features)

* **汉义:** 该病的典型病理特征是感染部位出现富含浆细胞的肉芽肿组织,并在巨噬细胞内可找到特征性的**杜诺凡小体(Donovan bodies)**。杜诺凡小体是细菌在细胞内形成的具有诊断意义的包裹体,呈安全别针状(两极浓染)。
* **英义:** The hallmark pathological feature is the presence of granulomatous tissue rich in plasma cells. Diagnostic **Donovan bodies** are found within macrophages. Donovan bodies are intracellular encapsulated forms of the bacteria, appearing as bipolar-staining (safety-pin shaped) organisms under microscopy.

3. 临床表现 (Clinical Manifestations)

* **汉义:** 潜伏期长短不一(通常数周至数月)。初起为单个或多个皮下结节,后破溃形成边界清晰、无痛、易出血、基底呈牛肉红色、天鹅绒样外观的肉芽肿性溃疡。溃疡缓慢扩大,可继发感染、组织破坏(如生殖器损毁)和色素沉着。虽名为“腹股沟”,但病变可累及生殖器任何部位及肛周。局部淋巴结通常不肿大(与性病性淋巴肉芽肿不同)。
* **英义:** The incubation period is variable (usually weeks to months). It begins as single or multiple subcutaneous nodules that ulcerate, forming well-defined, painless, beefy-red, velvety, granulomatous ulcers that bleed easily. These ulcers slowly expand and can lead to tissue destruction (e.g., genital mutilation), secondary infection, and hyperpigmentation. Despite the name "inguinale," lesions can occur on any genital site and perianally. Regional lymphadenopathy is typically absent (distinguishing it from Lymphogranuloma Venereum).

4. 诊断与治疗 (Diagnosis & Treatment)

* **汉义:** 诊断主要依靠溃疡边缘组织压片或活检标本中找到杜诺凡小体(吉姆萨或瑞氏染色)。培养困难,PCR检测可用于辅助诊断。治疗首选**阿奇霉素**或**多西环素**等抗生素,疗程需足够长(通常至少3周或直至溃疡完全愈合),以防止复发。性伴侣需同时检查和治疗。
* **英义:** Diagnosis relies on identifying Donovan bodies in crush preparations or biopsy specimens from the ulcer edge (stained with Giemsa or Wright's stain). Culture is difficult; PCR testing can be supportive. Treatment involves prolonged courses of antibiotics, primarily **Azithromycin** or **Doxycycline**, for at least 3 weeks or until lesions are fully healed to prevent relapse. Sexual partners require evaluation and treatment.

5. 流行病学与预防 (Epidemiology & Prevention)

* **汉义:** 该病主要流行于热带和亚热带地区,如印度、巴布亚新几内亚、南非、加勒比海部分地区和澳大利亚北部。通过性接触传播(主要途径),偶可通过非性接触传播(如接触溃疡渗出物)。预防措施包括安全性行为(使用安全套)、及时诊断和治疗患者及其性伴侣。
* **英义:** The disease is endemic in tropical and subtropical regions (e.g., India, Papua New Guinea, South Africa, parts of the Caribbean, northern Australia). Transmission is primarily sexual, rarely non-sexual (contact with ulcer exudate). Prevention includes safe sexual practices (condom use), and prompt diagnosis and treatment of patients and their sexual partners.

权威参考来源 (Authoritative References):

网络扩展解释

肉芽肿是由巨噬细胞及其演化细胞(如上皮样细胞、多核巨细胞)聚集形成的结节状炎性病变,属于迟发性超敏反应。而“热带肉芽肿”并非医学标准术语,可能指以下两类情况:

  1. 热带地区高发的感染性肉芽肿
    热带气候湿热,易滋生特定病原体,例如:

    • 利什曼病(由寄生虫引起,表现为皮肤或内脏肉芽肿)
    • 麻风分枝杆菌感染(形成皮肤和神经肉芽肿)
    • 深部真菌感染(如组织胞浆菌病)
  2. 特定疾病的地方性称呼
    部分文献可能将某些区域性高发疾病俗称为“热带肉芽肿”,例如:

    • 鼻硬结病(鼻部慢性肉芽肿,与克雷伯菌感染相关)
    • 热带溃疡(混合感染导致的皮肤坏死性肉芽肿)

建议结合具体症状或病原体名称进一步确认疾病类型,或咨询医生以获取精准诊断。

分类

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

别人正在浏览...

【别人正在浏览】