n. 国家资本主义
As for capitalism, he called for a new balance between the market and the state and added, the idea that markets are always right was a mad idea.
至于本钱主义，他号令在市场和国度之间建立一种“新的均衡”，他还补充说：“那种觉得市场永久是对设法是跋扈獗的。”
“state capitalism”是由“state”（国家）和“capitalism”（资本主义）组成的复合词，其核心含义需要从词源、构词和实际应用三个层面综合理解：
State
指“国家”或“州”，在复合词中作形容词，表示“国家主导的”。其拉丁词源与“status”（状态、地位）相关，强调政治实体的权威性。
Capitalism
源自拉丁语“capitalis”（与“头”相关，象征财富计量），指以资本私有制、市场导向为核心的经济制度。核心特征包括生产资料私有化、利润驱动和自由竞争。
State Capitalism（国家资本主义）
指国家在经济活动中占据主导地位的资本主义形态，表现为：
| 类型 | 核心差异 | 示例参考 |
|---|---|---|
| 自由资本主义 | 政府干预极少，依赖市场自发调节 | 、5、6 |
| 社会主义 | 生产资料公有制，计划主导经济 | （反义词对比） |
| 裙带资本主义 | 政商勾结，利益集团垄断资源 | （crony capitalism） |
如需进一步了解具体案例或历史演变，可参考经济学文献或相关词条扩展阅读。
State capitalism refers to an economic system in which the government plays a major role in controlling and managing the country's economy and businesses.
State capitalism is characterized by a mix of government intervention and market-based mechanisms. While the government controls key industries and sets economic policies, businesses still operate under market conditions and the profit motive. This is different from traditional socialism, where the means of production are publicly owned and operated.
State capitalism has been adopted by many countries throughout history, with varying degrees of success and controversy. It is often seen as a middle ground between traditional socialism and free market capitalism, and is sometimes used as a means of achieving economic development and industrialization.
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