
美:/'ˈpʌnɪʃt/
原形 punish
初中,高中,CET4,CET6,考研
被惩罚的
The mother punished her son by grounding him for the weekend.
母亲以周末不让儿子出门来惩罚他。
He was aptly punished for embezzling company funds.
他因挪用公司资金而受到了应得的惩罚。
Students will be punished for plagiarism, be it in an essay or presentation.
学生抄袭的话会受到惩罚,不管是在论文中还是在课堂展示中。
Students will be punished for plagiarism, be it in an essay or a presentation.
学生们会因抄袭受到惩罚,无论是在论文中还是课堂展示中。
The wrong man had been punished.
罚错了人。
He was punished for his impertinence.
他为自己的粗鲁无礼遭到了惩罚。
Those responsible for this crime will be severely punished.
犯下这宗罪行的人将受到严厉惩罚。
Whoever did this will sooner or later be caught and will be punished.
无论是谁干的,迟早都会被抓住并被惩罚。
punish for
v. 处罚,惩罚
punish with
用...惩罚
punished(动词过去分词)指因违反规则、法律或道德标准而受到处罚或制裁的行为。该词源自拉丁语 pūnīre(意为“处罚”),通过古法语 punir 进入英语,词根与“痛苦”“惩戒”相关。其核心含义强调通过施加某种不愉快的后果,达到纠正错误或威慑他人的目的。
在具体使用中,punished 可表现为以下形式:
同义词包括 penalized、disciplined;反义词则有 rewarded(奖励)、pardoned(赦免)。牛津词典指出,该词需区分于“disciplined”(更侧重教育性)和“avenged”(报复性)的语境差异。
单词 "punished" 是动词 "punish" 的过去分词形式,主要含义为因过错或违规行为而受到惩罚。具体可拆解为以下层次:
法律/规则层面
例:The driver was punished for speeding.(司机因超速受罚)
→ 指违反交通法规后的官方处罚。
教育/家庭场景
例:Children may be punished with time-outs for lying.(孩子说谎可能被罚静坐反思)
→ 强调通过惩戒纠正行为。
抽象/比喻用法
例:His body was punished by years of heavy labor.(多年重体力劳动损害了他的身体)
→ 表达承受长期负面后果。
词汇 | 区别 |
---|---|
penalize | 多用于正式规则(如比赛、法律),例:The team was penalized for a foul. |
discipline | 强调纠正行为而非单纯惩罚,例:Teachers discipline students to build responsibility. |
chastise | 较书面化,含谴责意味,例:She chastised him for his laziness. |
在西方文学中,"punished" 常隐喻道德因果,如莎士比亚戏剧《麦克白》中,主角因野心受命运惩罚。现代语境也用于幽默自嘲,例:I punished a whole pizza!(夸张表达吃太多披萨后的"自作自受")
如需进一步分析具体语境中的用法,可提供例句。
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