
英:/'ˈpʌnɪʃ/ 美:/'ˈpʌnɪʃ/
惩罚
过去式:punished 过去分词:punished 现在分词:punishing 第三人称单数:punishes
初中,高中,CET4,CET6,考研
vt. 惩罚;严厉对待;贪婪地吃喝
vi. 惩罚
The law is used to punish and restrain sinners.
法律就是用来惩罚和约束罪恶之人的。
I don't agree with punishing children, especially corporal punishment.
我不赞同粗暴对待孩子,尤其是体罚。
He was punished by his parents for theft.
他因偷窃受到父母的惩罚。
People who don't obey the laws will be punished.
不遵纪守法的人会受到惩罚
If the students act up in class, the teacher will punish them.
如果学生在课上捣乱,老师就会惩罚他们。
This is the first significant move to punish the tech giant, and is in addition to several regulatory investigations.
这是对这家科技巨头进行惩罚的第一个重大举措,也是对几项监管调查的补充。
My parents used to punish me by not letting me watch TV.
过去我父母常以不让我看电视来惩罚我。
I don't believe that George ever had to punish the children.
我不相信乔治曾不得不惩罚这些孩子。
Current employment laws will be changed to reward effort and punish laziness.
现行的雇佣法将被修改以便奖勤罚懒。
Richard could easily destroy her personal property to punish her for walking out on him.
理查德可以轻而易举地毁掉她的私有财产作为对她背叛他的惩罚。
The bill creates an oversight board with the authority to investigate and punish accounting firms.
该法案创建了一个有权调查并处罚会计师事务所的监督*********。
punish for
v. 处罚,惩罚
punish with
用...惩罚
vt.|penalise/chastise;惩罚;严厉对待;贪婪地吃喝
vi.|drop across/come down on;惩罚
punish 是一个及物动词,核心含义是“处罚;惩罚”,指对犯错、违法或违反规则的人施加某种不愉快的后果,以示惩戒或维护秩序。其具体含义和用法可从以下维度理解:
施加惩戒:对过错行为(如犯罪、违规、不服从)实施制裁,使受罚者承受痛苦、损失或不便。目的是制止不当行为(如罚款)、彰显正义(如判刑)或强化规则权威(如纪律处分)。
例:The teacher punished the student for cheating by giving him extra homework.(老师以额外作业惩罚作弊的学生。)
因果性惩罚:非人为的后果也可视为“惩罚”,强调行为导致的负面结果。
例:His knee pain punished him for years of intense sports.(膝盖疼痛是他多年高强度运动的惩罚。)
司法领域:指法律制裁,如监禁、罚款等。
例:The court punished the corrupt official with a 10-year sentence.(法院判处该贪官10年监禁。)
来源参考:牛津词典对司法惩罚的界定(Oxford Learners' Dictionaries)。
教育/家庭场景:家长或教师通过限制自由、增加负担等方式纠正行为。
例:Parents should avoid punishing children physically.(家长应避免体罚孩子。)
来源参考:剑桥词典关于教育惩罚的说明(Cambridge Dictionary)。
社会规范:对违反道德、习俗的行为进行非正式制裁(如舆论谴责)。
例:Society often punishes whistleblowers unfairly.(社会常不公正地惩罚举报者。)
punish
侧重事后惩戒;discipline
强调通过训练或约束培养自律(如:The coach disciplined the team through rigorous drills.)。
penalize
多用于正式规则下的处罚(如比赛犯规、税务逾期),而 punish
适用范围更广。
例:The rocky path punished our hiking boots.(崎岖山路磨损了我们的登山靴。)
词性:及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.)
核心含义:
词汇 | 侧重点 | 例句 | 来源 |
---|---|---|---|
punish | 广义惩罚(含正式与非正式场景) | The court punished the company. | |
penalize | 正式处罚(多用于法律、体育规则) | The referee penalized the foul. | |
discipline | 纪律性纠正(强调引导与教育) | The coach disciplined the team. | |
blame | 指责(无实际惩戒行动) | They blamed him for the mistake. |
“Punish” 是一个多场景适用的动词,核心含义是通过制裁纠正行为。其搭配灵活(如 punish for、punish by),且衍生形式丰富(如 punishing 可表“疲惫的”)。与近义词 penalize、discipline 的区别在于适用范围和强度。使用时需结合语境,明确惩罚的主体、原因及方式,避免歧义。
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