abashed是什么意思，abashed的意思翻译、用法、同义词、例句

abashed英标

英:/'əˈbæʃt/ 美:/'əˈbæʃt/

词性

比较级 more abashed 最高级 most abashed

类别

GRE,SAT

常用词典

例句

同义词

专业解析

abashed 是一个形容词，用来描述一个人因感到尴尬、害羞、笨拙或意识到自己的错误、不得体行为时，所表现出的局促不安、窘迫、难为情的心理状态和外在表现。

具体含义解析如下：

1. 核心情感：尴尬与窘迫

   当一个人感到 abashed 时，核心体验是强烈的尴尬感。这种尴尬通常源于意识到自己做了或说了不得体、愚蠢、不合时宜的事情，或者处于一个暴露自身缺点（如无知、笨拙）的情境中。例如，在公共场合摔倒、说错话被纠正、或在能力明显高于自己的人面前表现不佳，都可能让人感到 abashed。它包含了一种因自我意识过强而产生的羞赧和不安。

2. 外在表现：退缩与不自在

   这种内在的尴尬感通常会外在地表现出来。感到 abashed 的人可能会：

   • 低下头或避开他人的目光（不敢直视）。
   • 脸红。
   • 说话变得结巴或沉默不语。
   • 身体姿态显得畏缩、不自然。
   • 试图隐藏自己或逃离现场。

     这些表现反映了当事人因窘迫而产生的暂时性自信丧失和社交退缩。

3. 与近义词的细微区别

   • Embarrassed： 这是最接近的同义词，都表示因社交失误或暴露缺点而感到不安。但 embarrassed 的使用范围更广，程度可能从轻微到严重，且更侧重于社交评价带来的不适感。Abashed 有时隐含更深一层的谦卑或自惭形秽感，尤其是在面对优越者时。
   • Ashamed： 程度更深，包含强烈的道德或伦理上的负罪感、羞耻感，通常是因为做了错事或有违道德标准。Abashed 不一定涉及道德层面，更多是社交尴尬或能力不足带来的窘迫。
   • Humiliated： 程度最严重，指尊严受到严重打击，感到极度屈辱。Abashed 的程度要轻得多。
   • Shy： 指性格上的腼腆、害羞，是一种相对稳定的性格特质，而非特定情境下的反应。Abashed 是情境性的反应。

4. 典型使用场景

   • 在社交场合犯错（如叫错名字、打翻东西）后感到难为情。
   • 受到意外的表扬或关注时，因不习惯而感到不好意思。
   • 在知识渊博的人面前暴露了自己的无知或理解错误。
   • 意识到自己的行为或言论显得幼稚、愚蠢或不合适时。
   • 在能力远超自己的人面前表现笨拙。

例句：

• "当老师在全班同学面前指出他的计算错误时，他感到非常abashed，脸一下子红了。" (感到尴尬、难为情)
• "收到如此慷慨的礼物，她一时abashed，不知该如何表达感谢。" (因受宠若惊而感到不好意思)
• "面对专家的犀利提问，这位年轻的学者显得有些abashed，承认自己对这个领域了解不深。" (因意识到自身不足而感到窘迫、谦卑)

词源参考：

根据牛津词典（Oxford Languages）的词源信息，"abashed" 源于中古英语，最初的形式是 abaishen，其含义是“失去镇静”。这个词可以进一步追溯到古法语中的 esbahir 或 esbaiss-，意为“使惊讶”，其本身又可能受到拉丁语 ex-（表示“完全地”）和 bah!（一个表示惊讶的感叹词）的影响。这个演变过程揭示了该词核心含义与“惊讶”和“失去常态”的联系。

权威来源参考：

• Merriam-Webster Dictionary: 将 "abashed" 定义为 "embarrassed or disconcerted" (尴尬的或慌张的)，并强调其常因错误、失败或意识到自身不足引起。来源：梅里亚姆-韦伯斯特词典 (Merriam-Webster Dictionary)。
• Oxford Learner's Dictionaries: 解释为 "embarrassed and nervous because you have done something wrong, or think that you have" (因做了错事或认为自己做了错事而感到尴尬和紧张)。来源：牛津学习者词典 (Oxford Learner's Dictionaries)。
• Cambridge Dictionary: 定义为 "embarrassed" (尴尬的)。来源：剑桥词典 (Cambridge Dictionary)。
• Collins English Dictionary: 描述为 "embarrassed or disconcerted" (尴尬的或慌张的)。来源：柯林斯英语词典 (Collins English Dictionary)。
• 文学例句参考： 简·奥斯汀在《傲慢与偏见》中写道："Elizabeth, feeling all the more than common awkwardness and anxiety of his situation, now forced herself to speak; and immediately, though not very fluently, gave him to understand that her sentiments had undergone so material a change... as to make her receive with gratitude and pleasure his present assurances. The happiness which this reply produced, was such as he had probably never felt before; and he expressed himself on the occasion as sensibly and as warmly as a man violently in love can be supposed to do. Had Elizabeth been able to encounter his eye, she might have seen how well the expression of heartfelt delight, diffused over his face, became him; but, though she could not look, she could listen, and he told her of feelings, which, in proving of what importance she was to him, made his affection every moment more valuable. They walked on, without knowing in what direction. There was too much to be thought, and felt, and said, for attention to any other objects. She soon learnt that they were indebted for their present good understanding to the efforts of his aunt, who did call on him in her return through London, and there relate her journey to Longbourn, its motive, and the substance of her conversation with Elizabeth; dwelling emphatically on every expression of the latter which, in her ladyship's apprehension, peculiarly denoted her perverseness and assurance... in the belief that such a relation must assist her endeavours to obtain that promise from her nephew which she had refused to give. But, unluckily for her ladyship, its effect had been exactly contrariwise. 'It taught me to hope,' said he, 'as I had scarcely ever allowed myself to hope before. I knew enough of your disposition to be certain that, had you been absolutely, irrevocably decided against me, you would have acknowledged it to Lady Catherine, frankly and openly.' Elizabeth coloured and laughed as she replied, 'Yes, you know enough of my frankness to believe me capable of that. After abusing you so abominably to your face, I could have no scruple in abusing you to all your relations.' 'What did you say of me, that I did not deserve? For, though your accusations were ill-founded, formed on mistaken premises, my behaviour to you at the time had merited the severest reproof. It was unpardonable. I cannot think of it without abhorrence.' 'We will not quarrel for the greater share of blame annexed to that evening,' said Elizabeth. 'The conduct of neither, if strictly examined, will be irreproachable; but since then, we have both, I hope, improved in civility.' 'I cannot be so easily reconciled to myself. The recollection of what I then said, of my conduct, my manners, my expressions during the whole of it, is now, and has been many months, inexpressibly painful to me. Your reproof, so well applied, I shall never forget: "had you behaved in a more gentleman-like manner." Those were your words. You know not, you can scarcely conceive, how they have tortured me; — though it was some time, I confess, before I was reasonable enough to allow their justice.' 'I was certainly very far from expecting them to make so strong an impression. I had not the smallest idea of their being ever felt in such a way.' 'I can easily believe it. You thought me then

网络扩展资料

根据多个权威词典的释义，“abashed”是一个形容词，表示因自身行为或外界因素而感到羞愧、窘迫或尴尬的状态。以下是详细解析：

核心词义

• 羞愧不安：描述因犯错、被批评或处于尴尬情境时，产生的自我意识过强、局促不安的心理状态。例如：当众说错话后感到的窘迫（、6提到该词常用于描述"在人前"的羞愧感）。
• 被动性：该词源于动词abash（使羞愧），因此隐含"被外界因素引发羞愧感"的被动含义。

语言特征

• 音标：英式发音/əˈbæʃt/，美式发音/əˈbæʃt/
• 词性变化：动词原形abash → 过去式/过去分词abashed → 现在分词abashing
• 同义词：embarrassed、ashamed、chagrined
• 反义词：unabashed（泰然自若的）

典型用法

• 作表语：He felt abashed by his poor performance.
• 作定语：an abashed smile（尴尬的微笑）
• 被动语态：She was abashed by the unexpected praise.（、6中的例句改编）

语境延伸

在文学中，该词常通过夸张手法强化羞愧感，例如："The child stood abashed under the stern gaze of the teacher." 这里的窘迫感包含了敬畏与不安的双重情绪（综合、5、6的释义延伸）。

建议在写作中注意：这个词属于较正式用词，日常口语中更常用embarrassed。可通过权威词典（如、6）查询更多例句加深理解。

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