
英:/'ənˈles/ 美:/'ənˈles/
除非
初中,高中,CET4,CET6,考研
conj. 除非;若非
prep. 除……之外
I won't trust you unless you tell me the truth.
除非你告訴我真相,否則我不會信任你。
The event will hold as planned unless there is a heavy rain tonight.
除非今晚下暴雨,否則活動如期舉行。
I won't go out unless I have someone to travel with me.
除非有人和我一起去旅行,要不我就不出門了。
You can't get a job unless you have experience.
除非你有經驗 否則你找不到工作
All produce is organic, unless otherwise stated.
所有産品都是有機的,除非另作說明。
Salads are healthy but they're not that filling unless you eat a lot.
沙拉雖然很健康但是卻不管飽,除非你吃很多。
You're not the king of a land unless other people recognize you as the ruler.
除非其他人認可你的權力,否則你就不可能是國家領袖。
The twins are always sticking up for each other, unless they're in trouble.
雙胞胎倆總是互相支持,除非他們陷入了麻煩。
We won't go unless you want to.
除非你願意,否則我們是不會去的。
Unless we find a solution fast, we're going to have a big problem here.
除非我們快速找到解決辦法,否則我們會有大問題。
Unless the train is late, I'll be there at 9.
除非火車晚點,否則我将在9點到那裡。
I won't go unless you go.
除非你去,否則我不會去。
I never drive downtown unless I have to.
除非迫不得已,我從不開車去市區。
Unless you tell me what's wrong, I can't help you.
除非你告訴我出了什麼問題,否則我無法幫助你。
His credit card debt will destroy him unless he does something right now to nip it in the bud.
他的信用卡債務會毀了他,除非他現在采取行動,把它扼殺在萌芽狀态。
I won't tell them—not unless you say I can.
我絕不告訴他們—除非你允許。
Unless she loses some weight, she's had it.
除非她減掉一些體重,否則她就完蛋了。
I tend to forget things unless I mark them down.
我常常會忘事,除非我把它們記下來。
That's the plan—unless anything untoward happens.
計劃就這麼定了—除非出現異常情況。
Have a cup of tea—unless you'd prefer a cold drink?
喝杯茶吧—除非你喜歡冷飲?
unless and until
直到…才
prep.|besides/except as/in addition to;除…之外
"unless"是英語中常用連詞,表示"除非"或"如果不"的意思,用于引導條件狀語從句。根據《牛津高階英漢雙解詞典》第9版,該詞的核心功能是表達主句動作發生的唯一例外條件,其用法具有以下特征:
條件限制
表示主句内容成立的前提條件,例如:"You can't enter the building unless you have a pass"(除非有通行證,否則不能進入大樓)。此時主句動作"enter"能否實現完全取決于"have a pass"這個條件是否滿足。
時态對應
從句通常使用現在時表示将來意義,如《劍橋高級學習詞典》指出的典型結構:"Unless it rains tomorrow, we'll go hiking"(如果明天不下雨,我們就去遠足)。主句使用将來時,而條件從句使用一般現在時。
否定隱含
該詞自帶否定含義,相當于"if...not"結構。比較語言學權威著作《實用英語語法》中的例句:
兩句表達相同含義,但前者更符合正式書面用語規範。
位置變化
根據《朗文英語語法》,從句可置于主句前後:"Unless you study harder, you'll fail"(除非你更努力學習,否則會不及格)與"You'll fail unless you study harder"具有同等語義效力,但前者的強調效果更突出。
特殊結構
在法律文書和正式文本中常見"unless otherwise"的固定搭配,如《布萊克法律詞典》收錄的條款範例:"Payment shall be made in USD unless otherwise specified"(除非另有說明,應以美元支付)。
該詞的誤用常見于否定疊加,如錯誤表達"Unless you don't want to come..."(除非你不想來...)。《英語語法大全》特别指出,正确用法應避免在從句中使用否定詞,保持語義邏輯的單一性。
連詞用法:
You will failunless you study harder.
(除非你更努力學習,否則會不及格。)
Don't call meunless it's urgent.
(除非緊急,否則别打電話。)
介詞用法(罕見):
例句:
You can't enterunless a valid ID.
(沒有有效身份證件不得進入。)
固定搭配:
Submit the form by Fridayunless otherwise stated.
(除非另有說明,請于周五前提交表格。)
The contract is invalidunless and until signed.
(合同需籤署後才生效。)
典型語境:
Unless you wake up early, you'll miss the train.
(除非早起,否則你會錯過火車。)
The project will failunless we get funding.
(除非獲得資金,否則項目會失敗。)
He never smilesunless he's joking.
(除非開玩笑,否則他從不笑。)
與 if not 的區别:
I'll stay homeunless it stops raining.
(除非雨停,否則我待在家。→ 雨停是外出的唯一條件。)
I'll stay homeif itdoesn't stop raining.
(如果雨不停,我就待在家。→ 陳述一般條件。)
與 provided that 的對比:
We'll go hikingprovided that the weather is good.
(隻要天氣好,我們就去徒步。)
We won't go hikingunless the weather is good.
(除非天氣好,否則我們不去徒步。)
✗Unless you don't study, you will fail.
正确:
✓Unless you study, you will fail.
(除非你學習,否則會不及格。)
✗Unless you hurry,or we'll be late.
正确:
✓Unless you hurry, we'll be late.
(除非你快點兒,否則我們會遲到。)
總結來看,unless 是表達否定條件的關鍵連詞,需注意其與主句的邏輯關系及時态搭配。掌握其用法可提升英語表達的準确性與正式程度。
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