
[生理] 滲透調節;滲透壓調節作用;滲透第;滲透壓調篩
The content include character of photosynthesis, transpiration, vegetative growth, osmotic regulation and enzyme activity etc. on water stress.
内容包括水分脅迫對光合特性、蒸騰作用、營養生長、果實品質、滲透調節及酶活性的影響等。
These results indicated that the adaptation of these three evergreen species to seasonal drought mainly involves an adjustment in hydraulic architecture and a strong osmotic regulation in leaves .
這些結果初步揭示了石灰山常綠優勢樹種通過水力結構的調整和滲透調節等來適應季節性幹旱的策略。
The soluble sugar content was higher than free proline content obviously after drought and cold stress. The results showed that osmotic regulation substances of 4 grasses was soluble sugar in stress.
幹旱與低溫脅迫後,可溶性糖的含量明顯高于遊離脯氨酸含量,說明四種牧草遭受逆境時的滲透調節物質為可溶性糖。
The result also revealed that the more Proline content could be more advantageous to the regulation of cell osmotic pressure and could promote cell growth normally.
脯氨酸含量的增加,有利于調節細胞滲透壓,促使細胞正常生長。
Osmotic regulation ability is an essential character for plants to salt tolerance.
滲透調節能力是植物耐鹽性的最基本特征之一。
Results show that, ZW can adjust the osmotic regulation point, decrease the secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH);
結果證實,真武湯能夠調整實驗大鼠的滲透壓調定點,減少ADH的分泌;
Osmotic regulation is the important physiological mechanism for plants to adapt to drought-adversity.
滲透調節是植物適應幹旱逆境的重要生理機制。
|osmoregulation;[生理]滲透調節;滲透壓調節作用;滲透第;滲透壓調篩
滲透調節(osmotic regulation)是生物體通過主動控制細胞或體液内溶質濃度,以維持水分和電解質動态平衡的生理過程。該機制對生物適應不同環境(如淡水、海水或幹旱陸地)至關重要,其核心在于對抗滲透壓梯度引起的被動擴散,防止細胞因過度吸水或失水而損傷。
從生理機制來看,滲透調節主要通過離子轉運系統和滲透活性物質合成實現。例如海洋硬骨魚類通過鰓部的氯細胞主動排出高濃度鹽分,同時保留水分;而淡水魚類則通過腎小管增強離子重吸收,減少電解質流失。陸生哺乳動物則依賴腎髒的逆流倍增系統,通過亨氏袢産生高滲髓質環境,實現尿液濃縮(參考:《動物生理學》第8版,Hill et al., 2022)。
進化生物學研究表明,滲透調節能力的形成與生物遷徙曆史密切相關。七鰓鳗等古老物種僅具備基礎離子調節能力,而高等脊椎動物發展出更複雜的内分泌調控網絡,例如抗利尿激素(ADH)通過調控水通道蛋白表達來精細調節水通透性(來源:Nature Reviews Nephrology期刊)。
osmotic regulation(滲透調節)指生物體通過調節體内外溶質濃度,維持水分和離子平衡的生理過程。以下是詳細解釋:
基本定義
osmotic regulation是生物體在不同滲透壓環境中,通過主動運輸、離子交換等方式,控制細胞或體液的滲透壓,防止過度失水或吸水的過程。
核心功能
常見機制
相關術語
應用場景
常見于水生生物(如魚類、甲殼類)、植物細胞質壁分離研究,以及醫學中體液平衡的調控(如腎髒功能)。
如需進一步了解具體生物案例或分子機制,可參考生物學教材或相關研究文獻。
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