osmotic coefficient是什麼意思，osmotic coefficient的意思翻譯、用法、同義詞、例句

常用詞典

[物] 滲透系數

例句

There is a heavy attenuation property and there exist sensitive relationships of increase function between attenuation constant and frequency, porosity, osmotic coefficient;

具有強衰減性，衰減系數與頻率、孔隙度和滲透系數間存在敏感的增函數關系；

Static light scattering can measure the osmotic second virial coefficient of protein solution.

利用靜态光散射可以測定蛋白質溶液滲透的第二維裡系數；

同義詞

|coefficient of permeability/infiltration coefficient;[物]滲透系數

網絡擴展資料

osmotic coefficient（滲透系數）是物理化學中用于描述溶液滲透性質的一個參數，主要反映溶質對溶液滲透壓的實際貢獻與理想狀态的偏差。以下是詳細解釋：

1.基本定義

滲透系數（osmotic coefficient）是一個無量綱的修正因子，用于調整理想溶液理論下的滲透壓計算公式，使其更符合實際溶液的觀測值。
在理想溶液中，滲透壓公式為 $Pi = iCRT$（$i$ 為溶質的解離系數，$C$ 為濃度，$R$ 為氣體常數，$T$ 為溫度），但實際溶液中溶質可能因分子間作用力偏離理想狀态，此時需引入滲透系數 $phi$，公式修正為 $Pi = phi iCRT$。

2.應用場景

溶液滲透壓計算：用于修正非理想溶液的滲透壓，尤其在電解質溶液中（如鹽溶液、生物體液）。
生物學研究：例如細胞滲透調節、紅細胞滲透脆性（osmotic fragility）的測定。
化學工程：涉及膜分離、反滲透技術時需考慮滲透系數的影響。

3.相關術語

滲透壓（osmotic pressure）：溶液通過半透膜傳遞溶劑的驅動力。
滲透勢（osmotic potential）：溶液中水分子的化學勢差異，與滲透壓相關。
擴散系數（diffusion coefficient）：量化物質擴散速率的參數，與滲透系數共同用于描述物質傳輸。

4.擴展說明

滲透系數通常小于1（實際滲透壓低于理想值），但某些強電解質溶液中可能大于1。
實驗測定方法包括冰點下降法、蒸汽壓法等。

如需進一步了解公式推導或具體應用案例，可參考化學熱力學或溶液理論相關文獻。

網絡擴展資料二

"Osmotic coefficient" is a scientific term used in chemistry and biology. It refers to the measure of the effectiveness of a solution to induce osmosis, which is the movement of solvent molecules from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration, through a semipermeable membrane.

Here are some example sentences and their Chinese translations to help you understand the usage and meaning of "osmotic coefficient":

The osmotic coefficient of the solution was determined to be .8. (該溶液的滲透系數測定為.8。)
The osmotic coefficient is a fundamental parameter in the study of osmotic phenomena. (滲透系數是研究滲透現象的基本參數。)

In chemistry, osmotic coefficient is often used to describe the behavior of electrolyte solutions. It is calculated as the ratio of the actual concentration of solute to the concentration that would exist if the solute did not interact with the solvent. The osmotic coefficient of a solution can vary depending on factors such as temperature, pressure, and the nature of the solute and solvent.

Here are some synonyms and antonyms of "osmotic coefficient":

Synonyms:

Osmotic pressure
Osmolarity
Osmolality

Antonyms:

None

"Coefficient" itself is a mathematical term, which refers to a numerical factor that is multiplied by a variable in an algebraic expression. In the context of "osmotic coefficient," it is used to describe the proportionality constant between the concentration of solute and the osmotic pressure or activity coefficient.

Here are some example sentences and their Chinese translations to help you understand the usage and meaning of "coefficient":

The coefficient of friction between the two surfaces was very high. (兩個表面之間的摩擦系數非常高。)
The correlation coefficient between the two variables was .7. (兩個變量之間的相關系數為.7。)

Here are some synonyms and antonyms of "coefficient":

Synonyms:

Factor
Multiplier
Proportionality constant

Antonyms:

None

Overall, "osmotic coefficient" is a technical term used in the field of chemistry and biology to describe the effectiveness of a solution to induce osmosis through a semipermeable membrane. "Coefficient" refers to the proportionality constant between the concentration of solute and the osmotic pressure or activity coefficient.

别人正在浏覽的英文單詞...

【别人正在浏覽】