
美:/'ˈhæv tə; ˈhæf tə/
不得不
必須;不得不;隻好
You really have to study harder - the final exam is around!
你必須努力學習了 期末考可就快到了
Nurses have to wear a uniform.
護士必須穿制服。
I used to have to wear braces.
我以前不得不戴牙箍。
I have to clock in by eight.
我必須八點前打卡上班。
If we have to litigate, we will.
如果我們必須提起訴訟的話,我們會的。
They may have to amputate.
他們可能不得不施行截肢手術。
|shalt/oblige to;必須;不得不;隻好
"have to" 是一個常用的情态動詞短語,主要用來表達義務、必要性或被迫做某事的意思。它強調動作的驅動力來源于外部規則、客觀情況或他人要求,而非說話者自身的主觀意願。以下是其詳細解釋:
表示義務或責任
指必須做某事,通常因為法律、規則、社會規範或職責要求。
例:Youhave to wear a seatbelt while driving. (駕駛時必須系安全帶。)[來源:牛津詞典]
例:Doctorshave to keep patient records confidential. (醫生必須對患者病曆保密。)[來源:劍橋詞典]
表示客觀必要性
因外部環境或現實條件所迫而必須行動。
例:Wehave to finish the report by 5 PM. (我們必須在下午5點前完成報告。)[來源:朗文詞典]
例:Shehas to work overtime to pay her rent. (她不得不加班付房租。)[來源:柯林斯詞典]
否定形式 "don't have to"
表示無義務或不需要做某事(區别于 "must not" 的禁止含義)。
例:Youdon't have to attend the meeting. (你不必參加會議。)[來源:麥克米倫詞典]
特點 | have to | must |
---|---|---|
義務來源 | 外部規則、客觀條件 | 主觀責任、個人決定 |
否定含義 | 不需要 (don't have to) | 禁止 (must not) |
時态靈活 | 有過去式(had to) | 僅用于現在/将來時 |
例對比:
- Imust exercise. (自覺需要鍛煉。)
- Ihave to exercise. (醫生要求我鍛煉。)[來源:BBC Learning English]
時态變化
Shehas to leave now.
Theyhad to cancel the trip.
Youwill have to show your ID.
疑問句形式
Do youhave to go? (必須去嗎?)
Did hehave to pay? (他當時必須付錢嗎?)
Wehave to recycle plastic bottles. (環保要求)
Employeeshave to attend safety training. (公司規定)
Studentshave to cite sources in their papers. (學術規範)[來源:普渡大學寫作實驗室]
(注:因平台限制未提供直接鍊接,建議通過官網搜索關鍵詞獲取完整内容。)
單詞have to 的詳細解釋如下:
have to 表示“必須、不得不”,強調因客觀條件或外界因素被迫采取某種行為,而非主觀意願。
例句:
對比項 | have to | must |
---|---|---|
側重點 | 客觀必要性(如規則、責任、環境等) | 主觀義務或命令(個人認為必須做某事) |
時态與人稱 | 有時态和人稱變化(has to, had to) | 無時态和人稱變化(僅用于現在時或将來推測) |
否定形式 | don't/doesn't/didn't have to(不必) | mustn't(禁止) |
回答方式 | 否定回答可用 needn't 或 don't have to | 否定回答隻能用 needn't 或 don't have to |
例句對比:
基本結構
時态變化
|時态 |結構 |例句 |
|----------------|------------------------|--------------------------------------------|
|一般現在時 | have/has to | She has to attend the meeting. |
|一般過去時 | had to | They had to walk home yesterday. |
|将來時 | will have to | You will have to submit the form. |
|完成時 | have/has had to | I have had to repeat this many times. |
通過以上解析,have to 的核心意義圍繞“客觀必要性” 展開,需結合具體語境區分其與must 等情态動詞的差異。
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