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graft copolymerization是什麼意思,graft copolymerization的意思翻譯、用法、同義詞、例句

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  • [高分子] 接枝共聚

  • 例句

  • Chemical modification including oxygenation, esterify, graft copolymerization and so on.

    化學改性主要有氧化、交聯、酯化和接枝共聚。

  • The mechanism of graft copolymerization of casein and silk protein and the structure and properties of the graft copolymer, especially initiators and graft monomers, are reviewed.

    文章從引發體系、接枝單體兩個方面綜述了酪蛋白和絲素蛋白的接枝共聚改性機理以及接枝産物的結構和性能。

  • In this article, several methods about modification of chitosan both here and abroad were introduced as well as graft copolymerization.

    本文介紹了近年來國内外對殼聚糖改性的多種方法,以及接枝共聚;

  • The effects of esterification and graft copolymerization on surface free energy of wood were analyzed.

    确定了木材的酯化和接枝共聚改性對木材表面自由能變化的影響因素。

  • A novel method, in-situ chlorinating graft copolymerization (ISCGC), was employed to synthesize grafting copolymers of chlorinated polymers.

    氯化原位接枝法是制備氯化聚合物的接枝共聚物的一種新方法。

  • The effect of the esterification on contact angle is obviously bigger than that of graft copolymerization.

    酯化處理所産生的接觸角增大作用要比接枝共聚所産生的作用大;

  • The graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile onto cotton yarn and viscose rayon with ceric. ammonium nitrate as initiator has been stu***d.

    以棉紗和粘膠絲為試料,研究了利用*********铈為引發劑的纖維素與*********的接枝共聚。

  • The synthesis of high water absorption resin with starch- acrylic acid graft copolymerization is explored.

    本文主要探索澱粉-*********接枝共聚反應合成高吸水性樹脂。

  • IR analysis shows that graft copolymerization takes place on the tertiary carbon atom of PP molecular chain.

    紅外光譜分析表明,************酸單體在聚丙烯大分子鍊的叔碳原子上發生接枝共聚。

  • So, the chemical modification which is carboxylic acid monomer graft copolymerization and adding in some functional monomers to prepare waterborne epoxy resin was carried out.

    因此,我們采用羧基單體接枝共聚并加入功能單體的方法對環氧樹脂進行水性化的化學改性。

  • The graft copolymerization of vinyl monomers onto starch was an important method for the modification of starch.

    澱粉與*********單體接枝共聚是澱粉改性的重要方法。

  • The regularity of graft copolymerization of acrylamide onto corn starch by H_2O_2-TU initiation system was investigated.

    以H_2O_2-硫脲(TU)氧化還原引發體系,研究了************與玉米澱粉的接枝共聚反應規律。

  • The interactions between hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and potassium persulfate (KPS) during the emulsion graft copolymerization process in aqueous system were investigated.

    研究了乳液接枝共聚合,單體未加入體系前羟丙*********纖維素(HPMC)與引發劑************(KPS)的相互作用。

  • The general methods of graft copolymerization of chitosan, the properties and the applications of its graft copolymers have been reviewed briefly in this paper.

    綜述了近年來殼聚糖接枝共聚反應的主要類型、聚合物的性能及其應用、開發前景。

  • The copolymers were formed by the graft copolymerization of PVC with acrylic rare earth.

    将無機稀土有機化後與聚*********(PVC)進行接枝共聚。

  • Graft copolymerization of acrylic acid onto tapioca by using persulphate as initiator was described.

    用過硫酸鹽(過硫酸納、鉀或胺鹽)氧化法使木薯澱粉與*********接枝共聚。

  • Enhancing char yield of ABS and SBS via graft copolymerization is one of the effective approaches to improve the flame retardancy of polymers.

    通過接枝共聚提高高聚物的成炭率,是改善材料阻燃性的有效技術措施。

  • This paper describes graft copolymerization of acrylic acid onto superfine cellulose using potassium persulphate as initiator.

    用過硫酸鹽氧化法使超細纖維素與*********接枝共聚。

  • The graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) onto cyanoethylated crosslinked starch was carried out using APS-TU and APS-U as initiation system.

    以APS-TU和APS-U為引發體系,研究了*********化交聯澱粉與************酸甲酯(MMA)的接枝共聚反應規律;

  • A stable emulsion could be prepared by graft copolymerization of starch gelatinized and oxidized with styrene in presence of initiator.

    在引發劑引發下,經糊化氧化處理後的澱粉和*********接枝共聚可制得穩定的乳液。

  • The graft copolymerization of binary mixture of styrene-Acrylamide onto bagasse cellulose pulp was investin-gated by using the cellulose xanthogenate Hydrogen peroxide redox system as an initiator.

    采用纖維素黃原酸酯-*********氫氧化還原體系為引發劑,将*********-丙烯酰胺混合單體與蔗渣纖維漿泊進行接枝共聚。

  • Synthesis on the graft copolymerization of carboxymethylcellulose(CMC) with acrylamide(AM) has been stu***d in this paper.

    研究了羧甲基纖維素-************接枝共聚反應。

  • Effeets of monomer concentration and reaction time on the graft copolymerization were stu***d.

    考察了單體濃度、發劑濃度、合溫度對接枝共聚反應的影響。

  • The graft copolymerization of butyl acrylate(BA)onto chloroprene rubber(CR) is carried out in methylbenzene-ethyl acetate solvent by using a new type of efficient initiator.

    以一種新型的高效引發劑,在甲苯-************混合溶劑中進行氯丁橡膠(CR)與*********丁酯(BA)的接枝共聚反應。

  • 專業解析

    接枝共聚(graft copolymerization)是高分子化學中一種重要的聚合方法,指在現有聚合物主鍊上通過化學鍵連接不同種類的單體支鍊,形成具有"主鍊-支鍊"結構的共聚物。該技術由諾貝爾化學獎得主Paul J. Flory在1953年系統闡述其理論基礎。

    從化學過程看,接枝共聚包含三個關鍵步驟:

    1. 主鍊活化:通過輻射、氧化或引發劑在聚合物主鍊生成活性位點
    2. 單體擴散:第二單體向活性位點遷移
    3. 支鍊生長:新單體在活性位點進行鍊式聚合,形成支鍊結構。反應遵循自由基聚合機理: $$ R· + M → RM· $$ $$ RM· + n M → RM_n· $$

    在工業應用中,接枝共聚顯著改善材料性能。聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)經丙烯酸接枝後,表面粘結性提高20倍(《高分子材料改性技術》,化學工業出版社)。生物醫學領域,殼聚糖接枝聚乳酸材料已用于藥物緩釋系統(Journal of Controlled Release, 2022)。

    該技術的核心參數包括接枝率(grafting percentage)和接枝效率(grafting efficiency),二者受單體濃度、引發劑類型和反應溫度共同影響。美國材料試驗協會(ASTM)制定了相關測試标準D7462-08。

    網絡擴展資料

    graft copolymerization(接枝共聚)是一種高分子化學中的聚合反應,指通過化學鍵将一種或多種單體接枝到現有聚合物主鍊上,形成具有支鍊結構的共聚物。以下是詳細解釋:

    1. 基本定義
      該反應通常以現有聚合物為“主鍊”,通過引發劑或輻射等方式激活主鍊上的活性位點,使其他單體在其表面或特定位置形成支鍊結構。例如,骨膠與表氯醇的接枝共聚或木質素與丙烯酰胺的結合。

    2. 反應特點

      • 功能改性:通過接枝不同性質的支鍊,可改善原材料的機械性能、熱穩定性或化學相容性。例如,納米TiO₂表面接枝聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMA)可增強抗紫外線老化能力。
      • 多步驟過程:需先活化主鍊,再引發單體聚合,最終形成“主鍊-支鍊”複合結構(、)。
    3. 應用領域

      • 材料科學:如聚丙烯(PP)的固相接枝改性。
      • 環保技術:利用造紙黑液中的木質素進行接枝共聚,實現資源再利用。
      • 生物醫學:與皮膚移植(graft)的物理過程類似,但化學接枝更側重分子層面的結構設計(、)。
    4. 相關化學方法
      除接枝共聚外,化學改性還包括氧化(oxygenation)、酯化(esterify)等,這些方法常結合使用以優化材料性能。

    該技術通過分子設計賦予材料新功能,廣泛應用于工業與科研領域。如需進一步了解具體案例,可參考、2、3、5中的實驗研究。

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