
有机磷农药
Objective: To study the influence of low-dose chronic organophosphorus pesticide on male reproductive function.
目的:研究慢性低剂量接触有机磷农药对男性生殖机能影响。
Sample determination shows that this method could determine six organophosphorus pesticide in the cucumber has practical application value.
样品检测表明,该方法对黄瓜中测定六种有机磷农药具有实际应用价值。
Results Out of 71 patients with acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning, 20 patients′ urinary transferrin was higher and urinary albumen was positive with the development of disease.
结果71例急性有机磷农药中毒患者中20例中毒后尿转铁蛋白逐渐增高,随着病情的发展尿蛋白阳性。
Methods: Retrospective analysis of 128 cases of acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning the clinical data.
方法:回顾性分析128例急性有机磷农药中毒的临床资料。
This paper reported Gas Chromatographic procedure for. separating, and determining 12 organophosphorus pesticide residues in Water, soil, rice, beverage and vegetables.
本文报导了一个气相色谱法分离和测定米、土、水、饮料和蔬菜中12种有机磷农药残留。
Objective To investigate the distinction in clinical manifestations of organophosphorus pesticide poisoning(OPP) between digestive tract absorption and skin absorption.
目的:探讨经消化道吸收和经皮肤吸收有机磷农药中毒在临床中的区别。
Objective To investigate the incidence and clinical features of atropine poisoning in rescue of acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning.
目的探讨抢救急性有机磷农药中毒过程中阿托品中毒的发生率和临床表现。
Objective To explore the significance of urinary retinol binding protein (RBP) in patients with acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning(AOPP).
目的探讨急性有机磷农药中毒(AOPP)患者尿视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)检测的意义。
Objective:To observe the therapeutic efficacy of atropin in the patients with serious acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning(AOPP).
目的:观察阿托品不同给药方式对重度急性有机磷农药中毒(AOPP)的治疗效果。
Methods: Retrospective analysis of 27 cases of acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning clinical data.
方法:回顾性分析27例急性有机磷农药中毒的临床资料。
In this thesis, the electrolysis techniques for producing solid potassium ferrate (VI) and the degradation of organophosphorus pesticide by potassium ferrate were stu***d.
本论文研究了固体高铁酸钾的电解制备工艺及其对有机磷农药氧化乐果的降解。
ObjectiveTo investigate the changes and clinical values of serum C-reactive protein(CRP) level in acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning(AOPP) patients and acute CO poisoning(ACOP) patients.
目的研究急性有机磷农药中毒(AOPP)、急性一氧化碳中毒(ACOP)患者血清C反应蛋白(CRP)水平的变化及其临床意义。
Objective To investigate the organophosphorus pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits in Shnxi area so as to take preventive measures to minimize food contamination.
目的了解目前陕西省部分地区蔬菜与水果食品中有机磷农药残留量的整体水平,寻求相应的预防措施。
Objective:To investigate the effective way for treating intermediate syndrome (IMS) with acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning (AOPP).
目的:探求治疗急性有机磷农药中毒中间综合征(IMS)的有效方法。
Objective: To investigate the causes of death and management strategy for severe organophosphorus pesticide poisoning(SOPP).
目的:探讨重症有机磷农药中毒的死亡原因,寻求提高抢救成功的对策。
Objective To explore the clinical significance of advanced oxidative protein products(AOPP) in patients with acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning.
目的探讨晚期氧化蛋白(AOPP)在急性有机磷农药中毒(AOPP)患者中的临床意义。
Objective: To study the clinical effects of bedside hemoperfusion therapy in acute severe organophosphorus pesticide poisoning(AOPP).
目的探讨床旁单泵血液灌流治疗重度有机磷农药中毒(AOPP)的疗效。
Objective To study the effect of reduced glutathione(GSH) on liver function damage as treatment in patient with acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning.
目的探讨还原型谷胱甘肽对急性有机磷农药中毒肝功能损害的治疗价值。
Objective To evaluate the feasibility, safety and effectiveness of on-spot systematic treatment for the patients with severe acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning (SAOPP).
目的评价现场系统救治重度急性有机磷农药中毒(SAOPP)的可行性、安全性和有效性。
Purpose:Explore effective salvage of acute severe organophosphorus pesticide poisoning(ASOPP) method.
目的:探讨有效抢救急性重度有机磷农药中毒(ASOPP)的方法。
A rapid testing method of organophosphorus pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits was stu***d in this paper.
研究一种快速简便测定蔬菜水果中有机磷农药残留的方法。
Objective To explore the change of serum C - reactive protein(CRP) in Patients with acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning (AOPP) and its significance.
目的探讨急性有机磷农药中毒患者血清C-反应蛋白(CRP)的变化及意义。
Objective To summarize the clinical effects of HA-type resin hemoperfusion(HP) apparatus for treatment acute severe organophosphorus pesticide poisoning.
目的研究HA型树脂灌流器治疗重度急性有机磷农药中毒的效果。
The method for determination of 18 organophosphorus pesticide residues in edible rose was developed.
利用气相色谱仪,建立了食用玫瑰花中18种有机磷农药残留量的测定方法。
In this article, we summarized the analytical methods for organophosphorus pesticide residues based on the previous research works.
在总结前人工作的基础上对食品中有机磷农药常用的检测方法做一综述。
Methods:61 patients with acute organophosphorus pesticide were randomly divided into Group Penehyclidine and Group Atropine.
方法:急性有机磷农药中毒患者61例随机分为长托宁组与阿托品组,对其临床治疗效果进行比较。
Objective To explore the application of rhubarb for acute oral organophosphorus pesticide poisoning (AOPP) on the atropine and pralidoxime chloride dosage impact.
目的探讨应用大黄抢救急性口服有机磷农药中毒(AOPP)时对阿托品及氯解磷定用量的影响。
有机磷农药(organophosphorus pesticide)是一类含有磷元素的合成化合物,主要通过抑制生物体内乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性,破坏神经信号传递,从而实现对害虫的杀灭作用。这类农药自20世纪中期开始广泛用于农业、卫生和家庭害虫防治,具有高效、广谱、易降解的特点。
作用机制与化学特性
有机磷农药的核心结构包含磷酸酯或硫代磷酸酯基团,其分子中的磷原子与酯键结合。当害虫接触或摄入后,化合物会与神经突触中的乙酰胆碱酯酶发生不可逆结合,导致乙酰胆碱大量积累,引发神经持续兴奋,最终使害虫瘫痪死亡。例如,世界卫生组织(WHO)在《农药风险评估指南》中指出,此类农药的神经毒性对人类和非靶标生物同样存在潜在风险(来源:WHO官网农药专题页)。
应用领域与代表性品种
农业上主要用于防治鳞翅目、鞘翅目等害虫,常见品种包括马拉硫磷(malathion)、敌敌畏(dichlorvos)和对硫磷(parathion)。根据中国农业农村部《农药管理条例》,部分高毒有机磷品种(如甲胺磷)已因环境残留问题被禁用,但低毒品种仍用于棉花、水稻等作物的虫害管理(来源:中国农业农村部公告2023年修订版)。
安全风险与管控措施
美国环保署(EPA)研究表明,有机磷农药可通过皮肤接触、呼吸或食物链进入人体,急性中毒症状包括瞳孔收缩、肌肉震颤和呼吸困难。长期低剂量暴露可能影响儿童神经发育。目前全球推行替代策略,如推广生物农药和精准施药技术,以降低健康及生态风险(来源:EPA农药注册数据库)。
organophosphorus pesticide 指含有有机磷化合物(organophosphorus)的农药,主要用于防治农业害虫,但过量接触可能对人体和生态环境造成危害。以下是详细解释:
有机磷农药通过抑制昆虫或哺乳动物体内的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)活性,导致神经递质乙酰胆碱(ACh)无法分解,引发神经持续兴奋,最终使目标生物瘫痪或死亡。
根据大鼠半数致死量(LD50),可分为:
如需更完整的毒性数据或具体案例,可参考农药毒理学相关文献或权威数据库。
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