[内科] 感染性心内膜炎
Conclusion (1)The abnormality of heart structure accounts for the main basic cause of infective endocarditis.
结论：（1）心脏结构异常是感染性心内膜炎的主要基础病因；
Objective To analyze the clinical features of patients with infective endocarditis for improving its diagnosis and treatment.
目的分析感染性心内膜炎患者的临床特徵，以提高对其的诊疗水平。
Objective To analyze the clinical features of patients with infective endocarditis (IE) for improving its diagnosis and treatment.
目的分析感染性心内膜炎（IE）患者的临床特徵，以提高对其的诊疗水平。
Objective To investigate causes, change of pathogenic microorganism, clinical vicissitudes and prognosis in infective endocarditis (IE) to improve the diagnosis and treatment of IE.
目的探讨感染性心内膜炎（IE）的病因、致病微生物的变化、临床变迁及预后等因素，提高IE的诊治水平。
In this case, the infective endocarditis demonstrates how the infection tends to spread from the valve surface.
感染性心内膜炎显示了源自瓣膜表面的感染的传播途径。
Only 16 cases had infective endocarditis 1.22%.
感染性心内膜炎的病例较少，只有16例（1.22%）。
Penicillin V potassium is also available as rheumatic fever and infective endocarditis relapse prevention medication, can be used for spirochete infection.
青霉素V钾也可作为风湿热复发和感染性心内膜炎的预防用药，亦可用于螺旋体感染。
Methods The echocardiographic features were analyzed in 11 patients with infective endocarditis, and were compared with the operative findings.
方法总结11例经手术证实的感染性心内膜炎术前超声心动图资料，并与术中资料进行对比。
On April 19, 2007 the American Heart Association (AHA) published its updated recommendations for the prevention of infective endocarditis in heart patients scheduled to undergo dental procedures.
2007年4月19日，美国心脏病协会发布了最新的针对已安排行牙科操作的患者预防感染性心内膜炎措施。
There are many pathogenic microorganisms that could lead to infective endocarditis, of which Staphylococcus aureus is commonly seen.
导致感染性心内膜炎的病原微生物很多，金黄色葡萄球菌是最常见的致病菌。
Objective:To summarize the experience of 27 surgical treated cardiac valve lesions due to primary infective endocarditis(PIE).
目的：总结原发性感染性心内膜炎（PIE）致瓣膜损害的外科治疗经验。
The more virulent bacteria causing the acute bacterial form of infective endocarditis can lead to serious destruction, as shown here in the aortic valve.
主动脉瓣示，毒力强的细菌可引发急性感染性心内膜炎，从而导致心脏严重损坏。
Conclusion:UCG examinations may be an important method for clinically diagnosing infective endocarditis. For diagnosed patients should control the infections and take operation as soon as possible.
结论：超声心动图检查可作为临床上诊断确实感染性心内膜炎的重要依据，对已诊断确实的患者应努力节制感染并尽早手术。
Such small defects do not produce significant left-to-right shunting, but they do increase the risk for infective endocarditis.
虽然这种小缺损不足以导致从左到右的分流，但增大了感染性心 内膜 炎的危险性。
Objective: To summarize the experiences of differentiation of symptoms of professor Sun Jianzhi about subacute infective endocarditis.
目的：总结孙建芝教授辨治亚急性感染性心包炎临床经验。
Conclusion Low mortality occurs in the surgical therapy for infective endocarditis.
结论：外科治疗感染性心内膜炎的死亡率低。
Objective To discuss the pathogenesis, etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of right-sided infective endocarditis (RIE).
目的对右心感染性心内膜炎（RIE）的发病机制、病原学、临床特点、诊断、治疗和预后等方面进行讨论。
CONCLUSIONS The result showed that the enteroviral infection took an important role in the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis.
结论：感染性心内膜炎的发病与肠道病毒感染有一定关系。
Background— Infective endocarditis in children is rare, and most reports describe the experience in referral centers.
研究背景——儿童感染性心内膜炎罕见，而且大部分报道仅描述了患者转诊中心的经历。
To retrospectively evaluate the perioperative nursing experience of 15 patients of acute infective endocarditis.
本文回顾性分析15例急性感染性心内膜炎病人围手术期的护理体会和总结。
Patients with infective endocarditis have been reported to present with either ruptured sinus of valsalva or complete atrioventricular block.
曾有文献报告过细菌性心内膜炎患者并发主动脉窦破裂或是完全房室传导阻滞。
The complication was listed as follow :atrial fibrillation , heart failure , other arrhythmia, thrombosis, infective endocarditis.
并发症依次为心房纤颤、心力衰竭、其它心律失常、栓塞、感染性心内膜炎。
Here is a valve with infective endocarditis. The blue bacterial colonies on the lower left are extending into the pink connective tissue of the valve.
感染性心内膜炎瓣膜，左下方的蓝色菌落正向瓣膜的淡红色结缔组织蔓延。
感染性心内膜炎（Infective Endocarditis）是心内膜的微生物感染性疾病，主要累及心脏瓣膜，也可发生于人工瓣膜或心内植入器械表面。该疾病由细菌、真菌或其他病原体经血流侵袭心内膜引起，典型病理特征为赘生物形成。
根据美国心脏协会（AHA）临床指南，感染性心内膜炎的致病菌中，链球菌属约占60%（包括草绿色链球菌），葡萄球菌属约占25%（以金黄色葡萄球菌为主）。临床表现包括持续性发热（38-40℃）、心脏杂音变化、瘀点皮疹及栓塞事件。诊断依据改良Duke标准，需结合血培养、超声心动图检查结果。
欧洲心脏病学会（ESC）2023年治疗指南推荐：经验性抗生素治疗首选青霉素类联合氨基糖苷类，对于耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）感染应选用万古霉素。严重瓣膜损害者需行外科瓣膜修复或置换手术，手术时机建议在抗生素治疗1-2周后进行。
该疾病的高危人群包括：人工心脏瓣膜置换者、既往感染性心内膜炎病史患者、先天性心脏病未纠正者及静脉药瘾者。预防措施强调口腔操作前的抗生素预防性使用，特别是涉及牙龈或根尖周组织的外科操作时。
感染性心内膜炎（Infective Endocarditis，简称IE）是微生物感染引发的心脏内膜炎症性疾病，主要特征如下：
指由细菌、真菌或其他微生物（如病毒、立克次体等）直接侵袭心内膜，尤其是心脏瓣膜，形成含有病原体和血小板的赘生物的炎症性疾病。其英文术语中：
| 类型 | 病程 | 常见病原体 | 特点 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 急性 | 数天 | 金黄色葡萄球菌 | 进展快，赘生物大且易脱落 |
| 亚急性 | 数周-月 | 草绿色链球菌 | 症状隐匿，原有心脏基础病多见 |
60岁以上老年人、男性、心脏瓣膜病变者或人工瓣膜植入者发病率较高。
注：如需了解诊断标准或治疗方案，可查阅医学专业指南（参考来源：、8、3、7）。
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