
n. 勇敢
n.|bravery/daringness;勇敢
doughtiness 是一个名词,源自动词“doughty”,其核心含义是指勇敢无畏、坚韧不拔、充满力量和决心的品质或状态。它描述的是一种在面对困难、危险或挑战时,所展现出的非凡勇气、刚毅和不可动摇的精神。
核心定义与内涵: doughtiness 强调的是一种内在的、积极的刚勇特质。它不仅仅指身体上的强壮或战斗中的勇猛(尽管常包含此意),更侧重于精神上的坚韧、面对逆境时的顽强不屈以及敢于担当的决心。拥有 doughtiness 的人通常被视为可靠、坚定且不易被吓倒。这个词带有一定的古风或文学色彩,在现代英语中虽不常用,但在描述历史人物、英雄事迹或需要强调非凡勇气的语境中仍具表现力。
词源与历史演变: “doughtiness” 源于中古英语单词 “doughty” (发音为 /ˈdaʊti/)。这个词本身源自古英语 “dyhtig” 或 “dohtig”,其原始含义与“强壮的”、“有力的”、“有价值的”、“优秀的”相关。它可能进一步与古高地德语的 “tugan”(意为“有用”、“有能力”)同源。因此,doughtiness 在历史语境中常与骑士精神、英雄气概和战场上的英勇表现联系在一起。
现代用法与同义词: 在现代英语中,doughtiness 常被视为bravery (勇敢)、courage (勇气)、fortitude (坚韧)、fearlessness (无畏)、valor (英勇) 和stout-heartedness (刚毅) 的近义词。然而,它往往带有一种更古朴、更强调持久耐力和内在力量的意味。例如,可以用它来形容一位历经磨难却始终坚持原则的维权人士,或是一位在极端环境下进行科考的探险家所展现出的非凡毅力。
文学与文化中的体现: doughtiness 是英语文学中描绘英雄人物时常用的特质。杰弗里·乔叟在其经典作品《坎特伯雷故事集》的开篇对骑士的描述中就使用了 “doughty” 一词:“A Knight ther was, and that a worthy man… He was a verray, parfit gentil knyght… And though that he were worthy, he was wys, And of his port as meeke as is a mayde… He nevere yet no vileynye ne sayde In al his lyf unto no maner wight. He was a verray, parfit gentil knyght. But for to tellen yow of his array… His hors were goode, but he was nat gay. Of fustian he wered a gypon Al bismotered with his habergeoun, For he was late ycome from his viage, And wente for to doon his pilgrymage. With hym ther was his sone, a yong SQUIER… A lovyere and a lusty bacheler… And he was as fressh as is the month of May… Short was his gowne, with sleves longe and wyde… Wel koude he sitte on hors and faire ryde… He koude songes make and wel endite… Curteis he was, lowely, and servysable… And carf biforn his fader at the table.” (虽然乔叟在这里直接用的是 “doughty” 的形容词形式,但 “doughtiness” 正是这种品质的抽象名词化体现)。
参考资料来源:
“doughtiness”可能存在拼写混淆。根据权威词典检索,正确拼写应为doughiness(无字母t),以下是详细解释:
若您实际想查询的是doughtiness(含字母t),该词源自古英语“doughty”(形容词,意为“勇敢的”),其名词形式表示“刚毅、英勇”。例如:The doughtiness of the soldiers inspired the team.
但需注意,此拼写未在权威词典中被收录,可能属于古旧用法或拼写误差()。
您可参考爱词霸或听力课堂的词典页面获取更多例句及发音细节。
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